引黄灌区不同粒径泥沙的运动规律与处理利用.pdfVIP

中国农村水利水电·2008年第6期 13 文章编号：1007 2284(2008)06—0013—04 弓I黄灌区不同粒径泥沙的运动规律与处理利用 胡 健，戴 清，袁玉平，张志昊 (中国水利水电科学研究院，北京 100044) 摘 要：泥沙淤积与利用问题已成为引黄灌区持续发展与发挥长期效益的关键。阐述了当前引黄灌区泥沙灾害的 表现形式，通过分析不同粒径泥沙在渠道中的运动、输移、和淤积规律，认为粗颗粒泥沙是渠道淤积和造成灾害的主要原 因。由于粗、细泥沙在物理性质和利用方式上存在明显差异，应采用不同方法实现其资源化：对粗颗粒泥沙由集中处理 改为分散处理，减少渠首部位的淤积；细沙进行长距离输送，引浑水淤灌，提高入田比例。 关键词：引黄灌区；不同粒径泥沙；泥沙利用 中图分类号：TV146 文献标识码：A Transportation and Utilization of Sediment with Djfferent Grain Sizes in Irrigation Districts along the Lower Yellow River HU Jian，DAI Qing，YUAN Yu～ping，ZHANG Zhi—hao (China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100044，China) Abstract：Several forms of sediment disasters in irrigation districts along the Lower Yellow River are discussed in this paper．The movement and transport characteristics of sediment with different grain sizes and their effect on deposition are analyzed．It is pointed out that deposition in canals and its disasters are mainly caused by coarse particles．Based on difference in physical properties of soil and availability，coarse and fine sediment should be treated and utilized by different methods．Scattering the coarse materials replace centralized treatment to reduce deposition around the head and main canal of irrigation areas．The fine silt increase percent of entering farm land by long—distance transportation． Key words：irrigation district；different size～group sediment；sediment utilization 沙性质、营养成分含量与其粒径级配组成密切相关，针对不同 U 即 吾 粒径的灌区泥沙如何有效地处理利用有待作进一步研究。 5O多年的引黄灌溉彻底改变了灌区农业生产落后的面貌， 1 引黄泥沙危害 促进地区农业与社会经济的繁荣发展，灌区已成为重要的粮棉 生产基地。随着引黄灌区的工农业生产的发展，灌区对水资源