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Introduction of Environmental Economics Why People Pollute?有關期中考： 文中加底線部份為考填充題之重點文中加“QA”部份為考簡答題之重點 張保興 副教授 淡江大學水資源暨環境工程學系 .tw/086138/ What is Economy? The economy is a collection of technological, legal, and social arrangements through which a group of people seek to augment their material and spiritual standards of life. See the next two pages for further discussions on “their” and “material and spiritual”. Moral discussion on“their” 現在人類(或某些人種)之福祉(welfare) ，還是 生態、後代子孫或萬物之福祉？ 歐美等國目前消耗地球的資源極大，用完了則後代子孫怎麼辦？對落後國家應敬盡什麼樣的責任？ . . . Moral discussion on “material and spiritual” 有開發多半就有污染與生態上之破壞，則 material 與 spiritual 何者重要？ The fundamental circular flow model of economic activity, “QA” The materials balance model: the interdependence of economic activity and nature, “QA” Produce Less Waste by Practicing the 3 Rs:Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, “QA” /epaoswer/non-hw/muncpl/reduce.htm#reduce ReduceSource reduction, often called waste prevention, means consuming and throwing away less. ReuseReusing items by repairing them, donating them to charity and community groups, or selling them also reduces waste. (A shower curtain story, 暖手包) RecycleRecycling turns materials that would otherwise become waste into valuable resources and generates a host of environmental, financial, and social benefits. 再加一個R , 3+1,一共4R “QA” Refuse：拒用（無環保觀念產品） .tw/main.asp Definition of economics Economics is the study of how people choose to use their limited resources (land, labor, and capital (資本的) goods like trucks and machinery and buildings) to produce, exchange, and consume goods and services. Natural resource economics: A field of study concerned with the flow of resources from nature to economic activity. Environmental economics: A field of study concerned with the flow of residuals from economic activity back to nature. residual: The amount of a pollutant remaining in the environment after a natural or technological process has occurred. Scope of environmental damage Local polluti