高考单项填空题的应试策略.docVIP

高考单项填空题的应试策略近几年NMET中的单项选择题,不再是传统的纯语法考试,而是在考查语法点的同时,更加侧重考查语言的运用能力和应变能力.试题的设计已趋向交际化、实用化,选项与题干语境的设置越来越密切相关,每个题都被设计成微型语境.因此,解题时,除了运用已有的知识外,更需结合特定的语境才能正确地选择得体的语言形式. 　　1.结构分析法 　　首先弄清句子结构,然后再对照所给的选项,选出正确答案.例如: 　　(2009上海, 37)Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. 　　A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 　　[解析]答案为A.invite与you是逻辑上的动宾关系,在此处表被动概念,故选择过去分词形式,相当于:Unless you are invited to speak,... 　　2.结构补全法 　　答题时,如发现句子是省略句,要尽可能地把省略部分补全,有助于正确地做出选择.例如: 　　(NMET2009,35)Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I will always treasure. 　　A. that B. one C. it D. what 　　[解析]答案为B.one作moment的同位语,后接定语从句.在one之后补上关系代词that,答案就一目了然了. 　　3.结构简化法 　　在一个较复杂的题干中,先去掉插入语或附加的次要信息部分,然后可迅速找到正确答案.例如: 　　(2000北京春, 23) ______ some of this juice-perhaps youll like it. 　　A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried 　　[解析]把破折号后面的附加信息去掉,便可看出本题是祈使句,故答案为B. 　　4.把握语境法 　　要求考生找到语境的切入点,认真思考,仔细分析试题,确定正确答案.例如: 　　(NMET2000,15)-Are you coming to Jeffs party? 　　-I am not sure. I ______ go to the concert instead. 　　A. must B. would C. should D. might 　　[解析]仔细分析语境可发现, I am not sure.为解题的切入点.不太有把握,表示一种可能性,故答案D正确. 　　5.找提示词法 　　对于有些题来说,若能找到关键的提示词,如but, and, otherwise等,问题便可迎刃而解了.例如: 　　(NMET2009,34)The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ______ with each other. 　　A. they had quarreled 　　B. they have quarreled 　　C. have they quarreled 　　D. had they quarreled 　　[解析]答案为C.通读题干可知,它是由and连接的两个并列单句.后一句的never当属关键词,按语法分析,否定副词位于句首时,该句须倒装. 　　6.句式转换法 　　题干如果是一个复合句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、强调句或感叹句等句式时,把它变成一个便于理解的简单句、主动句或陈述句,就可迅速解决问题. 　　(1)复合句转换成简单句 　　(2008上海春,37) ______ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. 　　A. Giving B. Give C. Given D. To give 　　[解析]答案为B.if you can是条件状语从句.如果把这个句子转换成一简单句,就可以确定这是一个祈使句+and+简单句的句型,即:Give blood and you can save many lives. 　　(2)被动句转换成主动句 　　(NMET2008,32)Visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits. 　　A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are re