不同装烟方式对烤烟烘烤效果的影响.docVIP

不同装烟方式对烤烟烘烤效果的影响 　　摘 要：为明确不同装烟方式对烘烤效果的影响，以云烟87为试材，对烟夹和散叶插签装烟方式进行对比研究。结果表明：与烟夹装烟方式相比，散叶插签鲜烟装烟量显著提高14.7%，烤后烟干烟量显著提高了13.4%；烟叶失水速率达到最大的时间较早；每千克干烟叶的耗煤量和耗电量其成本分别提高了0.07%，11.8%，但用工成本显著降低了51.38%，最终总成本显著降低了17.86%；二者外观质量差异不明显，但散叶插签装烟方式上中等烟比例和光滑烟比例提高，下等烟比例显著下降，均价显著提高。 　　关键词：烤烟；烟夹；散叶插签；烘烤效果 　　中图分类号：S572 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2017.12.017 　　Abstract： In order to determine the influence of different loading methods on the baking effect， test of Yunyan 87 as tested materials， and the comparative test was done in different leaf loading ways such as clip style， loose leaf inserting. The results showed that the loose leaf inserting was compared with tobacco clamping hanger， the amount of fresh tobacco from the loose leaf inserting was significantly increased by 14.7%， and the amount of flue-cured tobacco increased significantly by 13.4%. The water loss rate of tobacco leaves reached the maximum time earlier. The cost of coal consumption and power consumption per kilogram of dry tobacco leaves increased by 0.07% and 11.8%， but the labor cost was significantly reduced by 51.38%， the final total cost was significantly reduced by 17.86%. There was no obvious difference in appearance quality between them. But the proportion of upper middle and smooth tobacco were increased by inserting loading way， the proportion of lower tobacco was significantly lower， and average price increased significantly. 　　Key words： flue-cured tobacco；tobacco clamping hanger；lose-leaf with leaf-holding needle；curing effect 　　??草品质的优劣与烘烤密切相关[1]，烘烤质量的优劣与烤房设备、装烟方式等均有一定的关系。近年来，密集烘烤因为装烟量大，利于节能减耗，烘烤能提质增效，具有一定的优势，得到了广泛的应用[2-3]。但密集烤房烤后烟品质存在烟叶结构紧密、油分少等缺陷，为进一步提高烟叶质量、降低烘烤成本，国内开展了装烟密度[4]、装烟方式[5-6]等相关研究。近年来，在装烟方式上，关于烟夹与散叶装烟方式已有大量的报道[7-9]。杨庆民等[10]、叶志国等[11]和王春生等[12]研究认为，烟夹装烟方式存在装烟不均匀的问题，造成烤坏烟比例增加，使烤后烟中等烟率降低。徐立猛等[13]研究认为，烟夹装烟方式在烘烤过程中容易掉烟，且外观质量低于散叶等装烟方式。刘闯等[14]研究认为，10 cm 宽烟夹有利于提高烟叶的感官质量。谢已书等[15-16]研究认为，烟夹和散叶装烟方式能降低烟叶的烘烤成本，散叶烘烤能提高烤房的装烟量以及烤后烟的上中等烟率。张警予等[17]研究认为，散叶装烟方式能显著降低用工和能耗成本，但烟夹烤后烟的化学成分协调性优于散叶烘烤。武圣江等[1