传播学原著导读复习资料.docVIP

一《论出版自由》 1 For books are not absolutely dead things, but do contain a potency of life（生命的潜力） in them to be as active as that soul was whose progeny(子女、后代) they are; nay（不仅如此）, they do preserve as in a vial（小玻璃瓶） the purest efficacy（效力） and extraction of that living intellect that bred them. 书籍并不是绝对死的东西，它包藏着一种生命的潜力,和作者一样活跃。不仅如此，它还像一个宝瓶，把创作者活生生的智慧中最菁华保存起来 2 Who kills a man kills a reasonable creature, God’s image; but he who destroys a good book, kills reason itself, kills the image of God, as it were in the eye. 杀人只是杀死了一个理性的动物，破坏了一个上帝的像;而禁止好书则是扼杀了理性本身,破坏了瞳仁中的上帝圣像。 3 whereof the execution ends not in the slaying （杀死）of an elemental life, but strikes at that ethereal（精英） and fifth essence, the breath of reason itself. 在这种屠杀中，杀死的还不止是凡尘的生命，而是伤及了精华或第五种要素——理智本身的生气。 4 Wholesome meats to a vitiated（伤害） stomach differ little or nothing from unwholesome; and best books to a naughty mind are not unappliable to occasions of evil. 对于坏的胃口来说，好肉和坏肉一样有损害。最好的书在一个愚顽的人心中也并非不能用来做恶。 5 They to discreet（谨慎） and judicious（明智） reader serve in many respects to discover, to confute, to forewarn, and to illustrate. 坏书对一个谨慎而明智的人来说，在很多方面都可以帮助他善于发现、驳斥、预防和解释。 6 As therefore the state of man now is： what wisdom can there be to choose, what continence (自制、节制)to forbear without the knowledge of evil? 就人类目前的情况来说: 没有对于恶的知识,我们又有什么智慧可作选择,有什么节制的规矩可以规范自己呢? 7 How can we more safely, and with less danger, scout into（搜寻） regions of sin and falsity than by reading all manner of tractates（论文） and hearing all manner of reason（理论）? And this is the benefit which may be had of books promiscuously（兼容并蓄地） read. 我们如果想探索罪恶与虚伪的领域，又有什麽办法能比读各种论文，听各种理论更安全呢？这就是兼容并包的读书法的好处。 8 Give me the liberty to know, to utter, and to argue freely according to conscience（良心）, above all liberties. 让我有自由来认识，发抒己见，并根据良心作自由的讨论，这才是一切自由中最重要的自由。 demean unlicenced burden fabulous precious spring up conceive reason differ enlarge destroys utter liberty enlightened Commons 1 A Speech for the Liberty of (