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heterosis is prevalent for multiple traits in diverse maize germplasm杂种优势普遍存在多个性状在不同玉米种质
Heterosis Is Prevalent for Multiple Traits in Diverse Maize Germplasm 1 2 3 2 3 Sherry A. Flint-Garcia *, Edward S. Buckler , Peter Tiffin , Elhan Ersoz , Nathan M. Springer * 1 USDA-ARS, Plant Genetics Research Unit, and Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America, 2 USDA-ARS, U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Research Unit, and Institute for Genomic Diversity and Department of Plant Breeding, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America, 3 Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America Abstract Background: Heterosis describes the superior phenotypes observed in hybrids relative to their inbred parents. Maize is a model system for studying heterosis due to the high levels of yield heterosis and commercial use of hybrids. Methods: The inbred lines from an association mapping panel were crossed to a common inbred line, B73, to generate nearly 300 hybrid genotypes. Heterosis was evaluated for seventeen phenotypic traits in multiple environments. The majority of hybrids exhibit better-parent heterosis in most of the hybrids measured. Correlations between the levels of heterosis for different traits were generally weak, suggesting that the genetic basis of heterosis is trait-dependent. Conclusions: The ability to predict heterosis levels using inbred phenotype or genetic distance between the parents varied for the different traits. For some traits it is possible to explain a significant proportion of the heterosis variation using linear modeling while other traits are more difficult to predict. Citation: Flint-Garcia SA, Buckler ES, Tiffin P, Ersoz E, Springer NM (2009) Heterosis Is Prev
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