翻译概论-第一讲.pptVIP

第一章 翻译概论 田耀收 Tel : E-mail: michael0113@ 公共邮箱：waiyutian@126.com, 123456 The Definition of Translation Linguistic views on translation Cultural views on translation Literary views on translation Semantic views on translation Functional views on translation Communicative views on translation 严复：faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance 鲁迅: faithfulness, smoothness 林语堂 : faithfulness, smoothness, beautifulness 傅雷: resemblance in spirit 钱钟书: reaching the acme of perfection 刘重德：faithfulness, expressiveness, and closeness Translation criteria by famous translator or translation theorists Alexander Fraser Tytler (泰特勒)： 1)The translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work; 2) The style and manner of writing in the translation should be of the same character with that of the original; 3) Te translation should have all the ease of the original composition. Eugene A. Nida (奈达) ：functional equivalence Peter Newmark (纽马克) ：communicative and semantic translation Criteria for beginners of translation Faithfulness Smoothness speed The competence of a translator Excellent command of the two languages; Considerable knowledge of the two cultures; Adequate knowledge of the subject matter; Fair capacity for writing; Plenty of practice and adequate knowledge of translation theories and skills; Skills in the use of information technology Translation strategies Literal translation vs. free translation Foreignizing translation vs. domesticating translation Factors Affecting the Evaluation of Translation The intention of the author The purpose of the translation The needs of the client The reader for whom the translation is intended the subject-matter The style and nature of the original work The cost The time requirement, etc. Basic Process in Translating Analysis of the source text Transfer from source to target language Restructuring in the target language Revision 翻译与其他 翻译的英语对应词有“transla