四级写作专题(修改后)-王国桥.docVIP

关与作文 许多同学在拿到作文题后，就马上雷厉风行地动手写了起来，结果不是写得一塌糊涂就是改得乱七八糟。在四级考试的写作中，通常要分以下五个步骤进行：审题确定文章的体裁以及主题思想、选材围绕主题句进行、腹稿（包括提纲和正文）、书写、修改。腹稿确定每一段的主题句如何展开主题句，展开段落的方式主要有：定义、例证、因果、分析归类、比较对比、叙述等四级写作最好采用缩进式，段间不空行，每段首行缩进4个字母并对齐。 高分要领：少出错；多出彩；善变化 棒棒糖原则：各段首句必须是主题句，紧扣提纲，保证不出任何错误（拼写，语法等） 漂漂亮亮　12 清清楚楚 10 马马乎乎 8 糊里糊涂 6 一塌糊涂 4 1）每段首句是否回答了提纲？ 2）段中其余句子能否支持段落首句？ 3）文中是否有衔接成分？ 4）文中是否有低级拼写语法错误？ 要想取得四、六级写作高分，应做到丰富多变。丰富多变体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重复出现，应尽量使用同、近义词替换(无法替换的关键词除外)。例如：think可以替换为 argue，insist, hold the opinion等词。句型也应富于变化，不要拘泥于主谓宾句型，可以使用强调句、倒装句、被动句、虚拟语气、主从复合句（定语从句、主语从句、状语从句等）、分词短语作状语、不定式短语作状语、感叹句等多种句型。 例如：What we must do is to make sure that the positive ones are encouraged and the negative ones are minimized as far as possible. Only in this way can we learn English well. On no account should we waste our time. Injured as he was, he still tried to help others to safety. It is their strong will and perseverance that contributed to their success. It’s generally believed that….. It goes without saying that….. Had it not been for their timely help, we could not have succeeded. 尽量恰当地运用一些大学词汇代替中学词汇，如： important---significant ,crucial, vital obvious---evident helpful---beneficial many—numerous happen---occur danger---hazard same---identical lucky--- fortunate remove---eliminate basic---essential unwilling---reluctant disappear---vanish 作文不必写得太长，越长越容易暴露缺点，120-150字为宜。 多背：1)精彩词汇短语;(2)精彩句型; (3)精彩句子（开篇语，结束语，过渡句等）;(4)万能框架;(5)经典范文。 写作常用的几类关联词关联词表示举例的关联词’s take the following incident as an example. I can think of no better example/ illustration than…. for example / instance An example of this involves… … is often cited as an example/ illustration As an illustration, we may take…as an example 2．表示顺序的关联词in　addition，to　begin　with，as　well　as，besides，furthermore，moreover，not　only　…　but，3．表示强调的关联词 ost important of all, as a matter of fact , undoubtedly, in any case, without doubt, first of all, above all, especially, particularly, in particular, primarily, chiefly, othe