生产可能性边界与机会成本.ppt

Thinking Like An Economist 2 In this chapter, look for the answers to these questions: What are economists’ two roles? How do they differ? What are models? How do economists use them? What are the elements of the Circular-Flow Diagram? What concepts does the diagram illustrate? How is the Production Possibilities Frontier related to opportunity cost? What other concepts does it illustrate? What is the difference between microeconomics and macroeconomics? Between positive and normative? 本章将探索这些问题的答案： 经济学家的两种角色是什么？它们有什么不同？ 什么是模型？经济学家怎么使用它们？ 循环流量图的构成要素有哪些？流量图想要说明什么问题？ 生产可能性边界与机会成本有什么联系？它还表示了什么其他概念？ 微观经济学与宏观经济学有什么不同？实证经济学与规范经济学呢？ Economic Models A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1 Points off the PPF A. On the graph, find the point that represents (100 computers, 3000 tons of wheat), label it F. Would it be possible for the economy to produce this combination of the two goods?Why or why not? B. Next, find the point that represents (300 computers, 3500 tons of wheat), label it G. Would it be possible for the economy to produce this combination of the two goods? 主动学习 1 不在生产可能性边界上的点 A.在图上找出代表（100台电脑，3000吨小麦）的点，并标作F。经济能生产出这样的两种产品数量组合吗？为什么？ B. 接下来，找出代表（300台电脑，3500吨小麦）的点，并标作G。经济能生产出这样的两种产品组合吗？为什么？ A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1 Answers 主动学习 1 参考答案 A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 1 Answers 主动学习 1 参考答案 A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 2 PPF and Opportunity Cost 主动学习 2 生产可能性边界与机会成本 A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 2 Answers 主动学习 2 参考答案 A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 3 Identifying positive vs. normative 主动学习 3 区分实证表述与规范表述 A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 3 Answers 主动学习 3 参考答案 A C T I V E L E A R N I N G 3 Answers 主动学习 3 参考答案 CHAPTER SUMMARY As scientists, economists try to explain the world using models with appropriate assumptions. Two simple models are the Circular-Flow Diagram and the Production Possibilities Frontier. Microeconomics studies the behavior of consumers and firms, and their interactions in markets. Mac