非谓语动词与其逻.pptVIP

非谓语动词与其逻辑主语 一, 非谓语动词和其逻辑主语的概念 逻辑主语是指非谓语动词动作的执行者或承受者, 二者之间在逻辑上存在者主谓关系 二, 逻辑主语的判断 1. 句子主语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语 1) He likes helping others. 2) Moved by his words, I told him all the news. 2. 介词of或for的宾语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语 1) It’s kind of you to tell me the news. 2) It is impossible for you to finish so much work in so short a time. 3. 复合结构中的宾语就是非谓语的逻辑主语 1) The teacher asked me to answer his question. 2) I saw him playing at the river side. 三, 逻辑主语对非谓语动词语态的影响 1. 如果逻辑主语是非谓语动词表示动作的执行者, 非谓语动词就用主动形式 1) I like to go out for a walk after supper. 2) He enjoys singing songs. 2. 如果逻辑主语是非谓语的动作承受者, 非谓语动词就用被动形式 1) the boy dislikes being laughed at. 2) Tom asked to be sent to the front. 3. 当句子中就有非谓语动词的逻辑主语,又有逻辑宾语时, 非谓语动词用主动形式 He has a lot of work to do. 4. 逻辑主语与非谓语动词是动宾关系, 而且句子中有表语形容词时, 非谓语动词用主动形式 1) The work is easy to do. 2) The problem is difficult to deal with. 四, 分词和动名词的逻辑主语的区别 1. 分词作状语时, 它的逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致. 如果不一致, 则要补出它自己的逻辑主语. 1 It being a fine day, we went out for a picnic. 2) The homework finished, she began to watch TV. 以上两例中的逻辑主语It和Homework都不能少. 2. 动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时, 可以补出来动名词的逻辑主语 1) Would you mind my opening the window? 2) Would you mind opening the window? 3. 动名词的逻辑主语常用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格充当, 而分词的逻辑主语一般使用主格形式(作宾语除外).试比较 1) Tom’s being late made the teacher angry. Tom being late, the teacher, got angry. 2) I being late, the teacher got angry. My being late made the teacher angry. 注意 1) 当动名词作宾语时, 其逻辑主语也可用宾格形式. 试比较 Would you mind my opening the window? Would you mind me opening the window? 2) 当动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的事物或不定代词时, 不能用名词或代词的所有格 Is there any hope of our class. (不能说class’s) winning the match? I was woken up by someone (不能说someone’s) crying for help. * *