技术创新战略管理-3.pptVIP

第三章 创新的种类和形式 Types Patterns of Innovation * Honda had an established record of developing environmentally-friendly cars and manufacturing processes. Introduced its first hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) in Japan in 1997. HEVs have increased fuel efficiency and decreased emissions HEVs do not have to be plugged into an electrical outlet Honda chose a different hybrid engine design than Toyota. Honda chose not to collaborate or license its technology to others – wanted to maintain its independence. Toyota, which engaged in both collaboration and licensing, sold almost three times as many HEVs. Honda was also developing fuel-cell vehicles at the same time, though they would take much longer to commercialize. Honda and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Types Patterns of Innovation * Discussion Questions: 1. ?Are hybrid electrical vehicles a radical innovation or an incremental innovation? Are they competence enhancing or competence destroying, and from whose perspective? How would you answer these questions for fuel-cell vehicles? ?2. What factors do you think will influence the rate at which hybrid electric vehicles are adopted by consumers? ?3. What would be the advantages or disadvantages of Honda and Toyota using the same engine standard? 4. Is Honda’s strategy of producing a different engine standard than Toyota and not collaborating or licensing to other automakers a good one? What would you recommend? 5. Why do you think Honda simultaneously developed both hybrid vehicles and fuel-cell vehicles? Honda and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Types Patterns of Innovation * Ericsson’s Gamble on 3G Wireless Ericsson, founded as a telegraph repair shop in 1876; by end of 2002 was the largest supplier of mobile telecommunications systems in the world. First generation of cell phones had been analog. Second generation (2G) was digital. By end of 1990s, sales of 2G phones were beginning to decline. Telecom leaders began to set their sights on 3G phones that would utilize broadband cha