外研版高中英语必修四4.pptVIP

Module 2 Grammar Objective 学习祈使句。 Imperative Sentence Go away! Go and wash your hands. Be quiet, please. (Please be quiet.) Be kind to our sister. Watch your steps. Look out! Danger! Keep off the grass. No parking. You go and tell him, Chris. 命令 请求 劝告 警告 禁止 带主语的祈使句 祈使句（Imperative Sentence） 可以表达说话人的意愿、请求、叮嘱、号召、命令或建议，它的主语you （听话人）通常省略，谓语动词用原形，句子末尾用感叹号或句号，读时用降调。 1. 祈使句的肯定形式 1) be型（系动词原形be＋表语＋其他） Be careful! Don’t go too high. Be quiet, everyone! 2) do型（行为动词＋宾语＋其他） Come in, please! Please open your books! 3) let型（Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他） Let me have a look. Let me help you. 1) be型（Don’t＋be＋表语） Don’t be lazy! Never be late again. 2) do型（Don’t＋行为动词原形＋其他） Dont throw the ball like that. Dont worry. Ill soon be all right. Never do it like that. Don’t say a word. 2. 祈使句的否定形式 3) let型有两种否定形式： 1) Let＋宾语＋not＋动词原形＋其他 Let him not go there. Let’s not waste time. 2) Don’t＋let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他 Dont let her go there. Dont let the water run into the room. 4) No+ v-ing / n. 禁止做某事 No parking / smoking / admission! 3. 祈使句的类型 1) 不带主语的祈使句 a. Be careful next time! b. Come and see me whenever it is convenient to you. 2) 带主语的祈使句 为了加强语气或指明同谁说话，可在动词前加上主语。加上主语时，由于是面对面说话并直呼其名，故不论第几人称，动词均用原形，不考虑主谓一致问题。 1. Nobody move！ 2. Mary come here — everybody else stay where you are. 3. You put on more clothes. It’s cold outside. 3) (条件)祈使句+and / or+简单句(结果) 此句型为“条件与结果”并存的句式， 其中的祈使句可转化为if条件句。 1. Work hard and you will succeed. If you work hard, you will succeed. Working hard, you will succeed. 2. Hurry up, or you will miss the last bus. If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the last bus. 4) 祈使句+附加信息；附加信息常表 示发出祈使动作的原因 1. Put on your coat, please—it’s very cold outside. 2. Turn down the TV set—the baby is asleep in the room. 5) 祈使句的附加疑问句 Open the door, __________________? Don’t forget, _______? Let’s go there at once, ________? Let us go there, _______? will you?/won’t you will you shall we will you 6) 祈使句的强调形式