高考英语二轮复习整理---名词性从句讲解.docVIP

名词性从句 在英语中，句子可分为简单句和复合句，复合句即常说的“从句”。由一个主句和一个（或几个）从句构成的句子叫主从复合句。在复合句中，我们是根据从句在整个句子中所充当的成分来给复合句命名的。如：主语从句，宾语从句，定语从句，等等。所有的复合句中，“主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句”，他们的从句有名词性特征，因此合称为“名词性从句”。名词性从句的引导词引导词是否在名词性从句中充当成分的情况　连接代词： what, which, who, whom, whose 不从当成分：　连接副词： when, where, why, howThat引导的主语从句可位于句首直接作主语;也可以位于句末，用it作形式主语; ① That we are invited to a concert this evening is a piece of good news for us. ②It is obvious that the earth is round. 2．whether/if（是否）从句作主语同样可放句首或句末，但放句首只能用whether，不能用if. ①Whether we shall go or stay ,is uncertain. ②It was not known whether/if he would ask. 3． whoever, whichever, whatever, however引导主语从句只能放句首。 ①Who will be sent abroad has not been decided. ②It is a mystery how you are going to do it. ③It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident. ④It is his own affair where he goes on Sunday. ⑤Whoever is here gets a prize. ㈡ 表语从句（用作表语的从句叫表语从句，是对主语进行解释，使主语内容具体化。 ①My trouble is that I do not have much experience in this kind of work. ②My suggestion is that we should do this by turns. ⒈That引导表语从句，不可省略that; wh-引导的从句作表语。（分别在句中作相应成分，不可用if引导） ①That is what we should do. That is where our basic interest(利益) lies. ②The trouble is that he misunderstood me ③The problem is who should be responsible for the project. ④That is how they learned a foreign language. ⑤The city is no longer what（过去的情形或样子）it was ten years ago. 2.当句子的主语是：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名词时，表语从句须用虚拟语气，即：should +do。如：My advice is that you should go to apologize to him. 我的建议是你应该去向他道歉。They demanded that he should leave the country within 24 hours. ②Could you tell me where the post office is? ③We must fing out who did all of this. ④I do not know whether/if those figures are correct. 2.当宾语太长时，为了使句子保持平衡，通常用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语置后。 ①I think it puzzling when the bank was robbed. ②I put it to you whether/if that is the best solution of the problem. 有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it（双宾语） 这类动词主要有：h