慈利县原石门雄黄矿污染区地方性砷中毒流行病学调查.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 慈利县原石门雄黄矿污染区地方性砷中毒流行病学调查 湖南省慈利县疾病预防控制中心 427200 摘要：目的 探讨慈利县砷污染区暴露人群的病情程度和发病特点，为疾病防治工作提供科学依据。方法 依据《地方性砷中毒诊断标准》WS／T211-2001，对砷污染区暴露人群进行砷中毒普查，同时进行流行病学调查。结果 共调查892人，砷中毒患者325人，患病率36.43%，砷中毒患病率与年龄有关，年龄越大，患病率越高（X2=85.89，P＜0.05）；男性砷中毒患病率为48.16%，明显高于女性砷中毒患病率22.28%（X2=63.91，P＜0.05）.有砷采矿职业史的农民工患病率为85.80%，明显高于本地农民患病率25.48%（X2=2.08，P＜0.05）。临床表现主要为皮肤色素改变，掌跖过度角化等皮肤病变。结论 雄黄矿污染区三个村，地域广、人数多、病情重。必须采取综合防治措施，才能有效遏制病情发展。 关键词：地方性砷中毒；皮肤色素改变；流行病学 Abstract：Objective：To study the symptomatic degree and disease character from persons exposed to arsenic in the endemic arsenism area of CiLi county，to previde a data for controlling endemic arsenic poisioning.Methods：The residents overliveing in three villages of the polluted areas near an arsenic mine were taken arsenism general investigation，carry on the epidemiological investigation at the same time.According to “A standard of diagnosis for endemic arsenism rsquo;rsquo;（WS／T211-2001）.Results：892 residents were investigated，among them，325 cases of arsenism were diagnosed，the prevalence rate was 36.43%.The arsenism prevalence rate connected with age，the older the age was，the higher the rate was（X2=85.89，P＜0.05）.The rate for male was 48.16%，it was higher than that for female 22.28%（X2=63.91，P＜0.05）.The rate for migrant worker of arsenic occupational history was 85.80%，it was higher than that residents 25.48%（X2=2.08，P＜0.05）.major clinic manifestation are skin pigmentation，as well as metavarpal bone overkeratosis.Conclusion：there are wide region，large number of people and serious symptomatic in three villages of the polluted areas near an arsenic mine.Only taking intergrative control measure can，we contain the worsening of the condition effectively. Key words：Endemic arsenic poisoning；Pigmentation；Epidemiolgy. 湖南省石门雄黄矿是一个有300多年历史的老矿，位于石门县西北部，1950年在石门和慈利两县交界的地区建设起雄黄矿区，1956年该矿开始利用低品位矿炼制砒霜，在采炼过程中，污染了矿区和周围的土壤和水源等环境，造成工人和周围农民慢性砷中毒，有关文献已做报道【1】。为摸清我县国太桥乡石门原雄黄矿污染区地方性砷中毒的分布和流行规律，2015年6月慈利县疾病预防控制中心对国太桥乡雄黄矿污染区邻矿村、星明村