高考英语阅读冲刺（三）（课件）.pptVIP

高 考 冲 刺之  阅读理解（三 ） Contents Part One 2009年高考考试大纲阅读理解 解读 Part Two 细节理解题型答题策略及例析 Part Three 猜测词义题型答题策略及例析 Part Four 推理判断题型答题策略及例析 Part Five 主旨大意题型答题策略及例析 Part Six 观点态度和篇章结构题型 第五部分：推理判断题型 题型解读推理是要求考生在阅读过程中沟通外现的和内涵的、已述的和未述的含义，以文章提供的事实为依据，经过分析、思考形成这样或那样的观点；要求考生在通篇理解文章的基础上去领悟作者的言外之意，并对作者的态度、观点、写作目的意图、文章的寓意等作出正确的推理判断。引申要求考生在理解文章主题思想、作者的态度倾向、观点意图、情节发展等的前提下，作出合乎逻辑的引申。这类题要求我们由“已知的”去推断“未知的”，属于一种深层次的理解。既要求理解文章中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系，又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理。高考中，推理判断题的考查每年都占阅读理解试题的一半左右。推理判断试题和引申有关的题型属于高层次阅读理解题。 命题考点 这一类题主要针对短文的结论、隐含意义（寓意）等方面，要求考生纵观全文，在汇集短文提供的各项信息的基础上，严格按照短文陈述的观点或描述的事实，进行正确的、合乎逻辑的推论和引申，包括事情的前因后果。有时还可能会假设一种情况要求考生对原文中没有提到的情况进行推理想象，对题目中提出的各种可能性进行推敲，从而选出符合原文信息或作者愿意的最佳答案。 设问形式 The passage is probably written for __________. What is implied but not stated ? The paragraph is probably taken from ____ It can be inferred in the story that ______. We can infer / conclude from the passage that _______. It can be inferred / concluded (from the passage ) that ________. 解题原则 ????1．要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。 　2．对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。 ???3．在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题 思想 、作者的意图进行推断。 典例解析 （08湖北省）Margaret, married with two small children, has been working for the last seven years as a night cleaner, cleaning offices in a big building. She trained as a nurse, but had to give it up when her elder child became seriously ill. “I would have liked to go back to it, but the shifts（工作班次） are all wrong for me, as I have to be home to get the children up and off to school.” So she works as a cleaner instead, from 9 a.m. till 6 a.m. five nights a week for just ￡90, before tax and insurance. “It’s better than it was last year, but I still think that people who work ‘unsocial hours’ should get a bit extra.” The hours she’ s chosen to work meant that she sees plenty of the children, but very little of her husband. However, she doesn’t think that puts