x-ray phase nanotomography resolves the 3d human bone ultrastructurex射线相位nanotomography解决3 d人体骨超微结构.pdfVIP

X-Ray Phase Nanotomography Resolves the 3D Human Bone Ultrastructure 1,2 . 1,2,3. 2 4 2 Max Langer * , Alexandra Pacureanu , Heikki Suhonen , Quentin Grimal , Peter Cloetens , Franc¸oise Peyrin1,2 ´ ´ 1 Creatis, Universite de Lyon, CNRS UMR5220, Inserm U1044, INSA-Lyon, Universite Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 2 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France, ´ 3 LAPI, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania, 4 LIP, UPMC Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, CNRS UMR7623, Paris, France Abstract Bone strength and failure are increasingly thought to be due to ultrastructural properties, such as the morphology of the lacuno-canalicular network, the collagen fiber orientation and the mineralization on the nanoscale. However, these properties have not been studied in 3D so far. Here we report the investigation of the human bone ultrastructure with X-ray phase nanotomography, which now provides the required sensitivity, spatial resolution and field of view. The 3D organization of the lacuno-canalicular network is studied in detail over several cells in osteonal and interstitial tissue. Nanoscale density variations are revealed and show that the cement line separating these tissues is hypermineralized. Finally, we show that the collagen fibers are organized as a twisted plywood structure in 3D. Citation: Langer M, Pacureanu A, Suhonen H, Grimal Q, Cloetens P, et al. (2012) X-Ray Phase Nanotomography Resolves the 3D Human B