论我国刑事诉讼中强制证人出庭作证制度的构建.docVIP

××××大学本科毕业论文 强制证人出庭作证制度的建构 作 者 学 院 专 业 摘 要 ABSTRACT Chinas Criminal Procedure Law of the judicial practice of the courts has long been difficult to witness the phenomenon has not been effectively curbed, has introduced the provisions of the witnesses have not been truly implemented, to cast a witness to testify in court system a shadow, as a troubled criminal access to and use of evidence of a major problem, has seriously affected the course of justice. In this paper, an analysis of the court the reasons for difficult witnesses, based on the direct words from the principle, the court focused on the testimony of a witness for cross-examination on the merits, combined with mandatory attendance and testimony of witnesses outside the system to make some of the research results witnesses to court to resolve difficult measures, and improve enforcement of our criminal system, a witness to testify in court. Witnesses to establish a mandatory system is the reform of our criminal system and an important sign of progress, criminal proceedings for the protection of legitimate rights and interests of the parties, and enhance the transparency of judicial activities, the promotion of justice has a positive meaning. Key words： witness directly witness 目 录明确适用强制出庭制度的证人范围一、（一）如何消除证人出庭作证的现象一直是法学理论界和司法实务界面临的一大难题。使得中国的法庭审判呈现出一种书面化、间接化、秘密化甚至行政化的特点，这程序正义的基本要求。造成证人出庭作证困难原因究竟？我国刑事诉讼法第条规定和最高人民法院解释》第141条第1款同时规定了我国证人出庭作证的义务，这种义务不仅体现在刑事诉讼的侦查、审查起诉阶段，更集中体现在审判阶段。明确规定证人有“出庭作证的义务”。对于无正当理由拒不出庭的证人，法律没有规定任何的；《刑事诉讼法》第47条规定：“证人证言必须在法庭上经过公诉人、被害人和辩护人双方讯问、质证，听取各方证言并且经过查实后，才能作为定案依据。” 《刑事诉讼法》第157条又同时规定：“公诉人、辩护人应当向法庭出示物证，让当事人辨认，对未到庭的证人的证言笔录、鉴定人的鉴定结论、勘验笔录和其他作为证据的文书，应当当庭宣读。审判人员应当听取公诉人、当事人和辩护人、诉讼代理人的意见。”，《刑事诉讼法》第157条的规定又可以理解为证人可以不出庭，并且最高人民法院《解释》第58条，人民检察院《规则》第337条第2款的规定也都说明了这一点，该条对于证人何种情况下应当出庭作证，何种情况下可以不出庭，并未进一步予以明确。这样，《刑事诉讼法》第47条规定的可操作性就大打折扣，使得证人可以规避法律。这种立法上的矛盾无疑导致了证人不出庭作证。对于不出庭作证的证人的证言，法律没有明确剥夺其证据资格和证据效力。另外，我国现行刑事诉讼法也没有建立起完备的证人保护和证人补偿制度。在刑事司法实践中，证人出庭作证往往面临着威胁甚至报复，侵害证人人身安全的恶