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Allogeneic Lymphocytes Persist and Traffic in Feral MHC- Matched Mauritian Cynomolgus Macaques 1 1 2 3 3 Justin M. Greene , Benjamin J. Burwitz , Alex J. Blasky , Teresa L. Mattila , Jung Joo Hong , Eva G. 2 2 4 3 1 Rakasz , Roger W. Wiseman , Kim J. Hasenkrug , Pamela J. Skinner , Shelby L. O’Connor , David H. O’Connor1,2* 1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America, 3 Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America, 4 Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, United States of America Abstract Background: Thus far, live attenuated SIV has been the most successful method for vaccinating macaques against pathogenic SIV challenge; however, it is not clear what mechanisms are responsible for this protection. Adoptive transfer studies in mice have been integral to understanding live attenuated vaccine protection in models like Friend virus. Previous adoptive transfers in primates have failed as transferred cells are typically cleared within hours after transfer. Methodology/ Principal Findings: Here we describe adoptive transfer studies in Mauritian origin cynomolgus macaques