ad-hoc vs. standardized and optimized arthropod diversity sampling特别与标准化和优化节肢动物多样性采样.pdfVIP

Diversity 2009, 1, 36-51; doi:10.3390/d1010036 OPEN ACCESS diversity ISSN 2071-1050 /journal/diversity Article Ad-Hoc vs. Standardized and Optimized Arthropod Diversity Sampling Pedro Cardoso 1,2,*, Luís C. Crespo 3, Rui Carvalho 4, Ana C. Rufino 3 and Sérgio S. Henriques 4 1 Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA 2 Azorean Biodiversity Group–CITA-A, University of Azores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal 3 IMAR–Coimbra Interdisciplinary Center, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; E-mails: luiscarloscrespo@ (L.C.C.); ana.rufino@ (A.C.R.) 4 Department of Biology, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal; E-mails: rui.m.carvalho@ (R.C.); henriquesbio@ (S.S.H.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: pcardoso@; Tel.: +1-202-633-0661; Fax: + 1-202-786-3141. Received: 6 August 2009 / Accepted: 25 August 2009 / Published: 1 September 2009 Abstract: The use of standardized and optimized protocols has been recently advocated for different arthropod taxa instead of ad-hoc sampling or sampling with protocols defined on a case-by-case basis. We present a comparison of both sampling approaches applied for spiders in a natural area of Portugal. Tests were made to their efficiency, over-collection of common species, singletons proportions, species abundance distributions, average specimen size, average taxonomic distinctness and behavior of richness estimators. The standardized protocol revealed three main advantages: (1)