heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein a3 is the liver nuclear protein binding to age related increase element rna of the factor ix gene异构核核糖核蛋白a3是肝脏核蛋白质绑定到年龄增加元素rna ix因子有关.pdfVIP

Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein A3 Is the Liver Nuclear Protein Binding to Age Related Increase Element RNA of the Factor IX Gene ¤ Toshiyuki Hamada , Sumiko Kurachi, Kotoku Kurachi* Age Dimension Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Abstract Background: In the ASE/AIE-mediated genetic mechanism for age-related gene regulation, a recently identified age-related homeostasis mechanism, two genetic elements, ASE (age-related stability element) and AIE (age-related increase element as a stem-loop forming RNA), play critical roles in producing specific age-related expression patterns of genes. Principal Finding: We successfully identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A3 (hnRNP A3) as a major mouse liver nuclear protein binding to the AIE-derived RNAs of human factor IX (hFIX) as well as mouse factor IX (mFIX) genes. HnRNP A3 bound to the AIE RNA was not phosphorylated at its Ser359, while hnRNP A3 in the mouse liver nuclear extracts was a mixture of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated Ser359. HepG2 cells engineered to express recombinant hFIX transduced with adenoviral vectors harboring an effective siRNA against hnRNP A3 resulted in a substantial reduction in hFIX expression only in the cells carrying a hFIX expression vector with AIE, but not in the cells carrying a hFIX expression vector without AIE. The nuclear hnRNP A3 protein level in the mouse liver gradually increased with age, while its mRNA level stayed age-stable. Conclusions: We identified hnRNP A3 as a major liver nuclear protein binding to FIX-AIE RNA. This protein plays a critical role in age-related gene expression, likely through an as yet unidentified epigenetic mechanism. The present study assigned a novel functional role to hnRNP A3 in age-related regulation of gene expression