非谓语动词 ving课件.pptVIP

Grammar V-ing 非谓语动词的比较 1．作主语和宾语时的比较 一般来说，不定式和动名词成分相同时，表示客观性、一般行为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体行为则多用不定式。 I like swimming, but I dont like to swim today because I dont feel well. 注意下列重点内容： 1)begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。 When we came in, they were beginning to have supper. After his explanation, I began to understand it/realize that I was wrong. ②mean: mean to do＝want to do打算，想要…… mean doing意味着做 I am sorry I didnt mean to hurt your feelings. Learning a foreign language doesnt mean just working in class. ③stop: stop to do停下来，要干另一件事(不定式作目的状语) stop doing停止做(动名词作宾语) After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest. After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest. ④try: try to do努力，试图干…… try doing试着干…… He searched everywhere and tried to find his key. They tried to succeed and tried doing their experiments again and again. ⑤want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，接不定式就要用被动式，这时主语与动名词之间为动宾关系。 These young trees require looking after(＝to be looked after)． The matter needs thinking over(＝to be thought over)． ⑦动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。 Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit ones health. The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health. ⑧be considered to have done被认为已经做了…… consider…to be…认为……是…… consider doing sth.考虑做某事 ⑨be(get)used to doing习惯于…… be used to do被用来做…… ⑩cant help doing情不自禁做…… cant help to do不能帮助做…… 2．作宾补时的比较 不定式可以表示一次性、具体行为以及将来意义的行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生或进行意义的行为，亦可表示一个延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。 When I came in, I saw her dancing happily. I often hear her sing songs in English in her room. The mother will have the doctor examine her son again. When I got home I found the window broken and the thief gone away already. 3．作表语时的比较 不定式和动名词作表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，可以用来回答what的问题。它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词作表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以用来回答how的问题。 The news is very exciting.(How is the news？) The children are well dressed these days. His job is teaching them English.(What is his job？)