英汉翻译课件Lecture 8 Cohesion in Translation.pptVIP

Lecture8 Cohesion in Translation Translation of the Text: Textual Consciousness Textual consciousness in translation 语篇意识 It’s common to use text as a unit for the analysis of translation as it enables the translator to appreciate the linguistic form, meaning and spirit of the original. 翻译中应当大处着眼(top-down)，小处着手(bottom-up)，小单位、低层次服从于大单位、高层次。 Text is not a mere aggregation of sentences; rather, it is a semantic unity. Cohesion 衔接、粘连 Coherence 连贯 COHESION M.A.K. Halliday (2000:4) : cohesion is a semantic concept, referring to relations of meaning that exist within the text, and it occurs where the interpretation of some element in the discourse is dependent on that of another. Cohesive Devices Commonly Used in English and Chinese Halliday Hasan (1976，1985/1994)五大类:照应(reference),替代(substitution),省略(ellipsis),连接(conjunction)及词汇衔接(lexical cohesion)。其中前四类属于语法衔接手段,后一类属于词汇衔接手段。语法衔接是语篇具有的典型特征之一。 Reference identified in terms of function, location, and identity or similarity: Personal reference, e.g. he, she, it, they, him, etc. Demonstrative reference, e.g. here, there, this that, those, etc. Comparative reference, e.g. better, more/ other, different, else/ same, identical, equal, similar, additional, etc. Peter, Peter, pumpkin eater, had a wife and couldn’t keep her. He put her in a pumpkin shell, and there he kept her very well. (personal) You must remember, my dear mother, that I have never considered this matter as certain. I have had my doubts, I confess; but they are fainter than they were, and they may soon be entirely done away… Substitution Substitution is usually identified by the grammatical function of the substitute item. In English, the substitute may function as a noun, as a verb, or as a clause. To these correspond the three types of substitution: nominal, verbal, and clausal. Nominal substitution: one/ones; same, e.g. A: If only I could remember where it was that I saw someone putting away the box with those candles in， I could finish the decor