英汉语言对比及互译对策.pptVIP

4. 词语音律差异 5.修辞差异 原文：诞生于上世纪末的虎豹集团，信守孜孜以求、永不言退的发展理念，在市场经济的大潮中，任凭浊浪排空，惊涛拍岸，独有胜似闲庭信步的自信，处变不惊，运筹帷幄。尽握无限商机与掌间，渐显王者之气于天地。 Founded in the late 20th century, Hubao Group has its philosophy of seizing business opportunities and achieving its brilliance in the ever-changing and competitive market. 该企业先后获得“省级先进企业”，“市文明企业”，“市质量管理奖”，“市质量效益型先进企业”，“全国轻工优秀企业”，“国家二级企业”等称号。（广州百花香料股份有限公司） 原译：Baihua has been entitled “Provincial Advanced Enterprise with Outstanding Quality and Profits”, “Municipal Civilized Enterprise”, “Municipal Excellence Enterprise for Management”, Municipal Excellent Enterprise for Outstanding Quality and Profits”, “National Excellent Light Industrial Enterprise”, “National Second Grade Enterprise” etc. 改译：Baihua has received a dozen of honorary and professional titles conferred by national and provincial and city authorities due to its high-quality products, advanced management, and outstanding profits. 6.句子主语的差异 7.句子谓语的差异 8.句法逻辑差异 知己知彼，百战不殆； 不知彼而知己，一胜一负； 不知己不知彼，每战必殆。 （若）知己（而又）知彼，（则） 百战不殆；（若）不知彼而知己，（则）（将）一胜（及）一负；（若）不知己（而又）不知彼，（则）每战（将）必殆。 You can fight a hundred battles without defeat if you know the enemy as well as yourself. You will win one battle and lose one battle if you know yourself but leave yourself in the dark about the enemy. You will lose every battle if you leave both the enemy and yourself in the dark. 连词大多数情况下省略；介词短语、定语从句和独立主格在多数情况下译为短语或分句8.句法逻辑差异 Come and see me tomorrow. 明天来看我。（省略连词） He came in with a book in hand. 他拿着本书，走了进来。（ with a book in hand 翻译为一个分句。） As the weather is fine, we decide to climb the mountain. 天好了，我们去爬山。 （省略连词） 9.语态差异 They want to be listened to . 他们希望有人听听他们的意见。 The vase is broken. 花瓶碎了。 英语多被动，汉语多主动 　　?英语比较喜欢用被动语态，科技英语尤其如此。汉语虽然也有被、由之类的词表示动作是被动的，但这种表达远没有英语的被动语态那么常见，因此，英语中的被动在汉译中往往成了主动。下面我们先看一组常用被动句型的汉译： It?must?be?pointed?out?that...必须指出…… It?must?be?admitted?that...必须承认…… It?is?imagined?that...人们认为…… ?It?can?not?be?denied?that...不可否认…… It?will?be?seen?from?this?that...由此可知…… It?should?be?realized?that...必须认识到…… ?