英汉翻译中的词类互换.pptVIP

英汉翻译中的词类转换 一、转译成形容词 1、名词－－形容词 （1）英语中有很多名词是由形容词派生出来的，在汉译时往往直接译成形容词的意思更好，更贴切。 The pallor of her face indicate clearly how she was feeling the moment. 她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。 The security and warmth of the destroyers sick bay were wonder. 驱逐舰的病室很安全也很温暖，好极了。 He talked for some time with Bundy, and his questions reflected the enormity of his doubts. 他同邦迪谈了一会儿，他提出的问题返映出他有很大的怀疑。 （2）有些名词加不定冠词作表语时，往往可以转译成形容词。 The blockade was a success. 封锁很成功。 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study. 独立对学习是绝对必需的。 （2）副词－－动词 As he ran out, he forgot to have his shoes on. 他跑出去时，忘记了穿鞋子。 2、其它词类互译 （1）形容词与副词的互相转译。 The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. 她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示。 （3）介词－－动词 Many laboratories are developing medicines against AIDS. 许多实验室正在研制潜治疗艾滋病的药物。 二、转译为动词 （一）名词转译成动词 1. 由动词派生的名词转译成动词，在政论文体中出现比较多 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 2.含有动作意味的名词（在记叙、描写文体中出现较多）往往可以转译成动词。 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神往。 A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial. 从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。 3. 英语中有些加后缀-er的名词，如teacher教师，thinker思想家等等，有时在句中并不指其身份和职业，而是含有较强的动作意味，在汉语中没有恰当的对应名词时，往往可以译成动词。 I am afraid I cant teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I. 我未必会教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比我教得好。 Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young mans past wrong doings. 在和儿子谈话时，老人宽恕了年轻人过去所干的坏事。 The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the demonstration. 下一个新闻节目比通常短，没有提到游行。 （二）介词转译成动词 Coming!”Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. 　来啦！她转身蹦着跳着地跑了，越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门廊。 I barreled straight ahead, across the harbor and out over the sea. 我笔直向前高速飞行，越过港口，飞临海面。 （三）形容词转译成动词 英语中表示知觉、欲望等心理状态的形容词，在系动词后作表语用时，往往可转译成成动词。如：confident, certain, careful, cautious, a