第七讲;倒装,语篇.pptVIP

英语语法 English Grammar 2016 Tasks for Today Postponement, Fronting and Inversion (后置，前置，倒装) Sentence: an information unit. 句子：传递信息的单位 How to improve your reading speed? Mr. Smith is a friend of my father’s. 旧信息 新信息 新信息关键部分通常出现在句尾，又称信息焦点（information Focus), 句尾焦点(end focus) 正常语序：主语+谓语 旧信息+新信息 (given information + new information) 试观察：Which sentence is better? a. He smokes. b. He smokes a cigarette. a. He rested. b. He took a rest. a. They pushed the car. b. They gave the car a push. 主语：通常较短，简单 谓语：信息传递的重点，通常较长，复杂。 Tips句尾重心end weight，结构匀称，避免头大尾小 1. Postponement:后置 将说话人认为重要的信息放于句尾 Which answer is better? What did he give you? 1)He gave me a book. 2)He gave a book to me. practice: combine each set of sentences into one sentence. The cross-examination was expertly handled. It lasted only half an hour. How long did the cross-examination last? How was the cross-examination handled? See keys on page 448. Finish 3, 6 in Exercise 39A on page 449 Keys 3. a) When their house was ransacked by a juvenile gang, the mayor and his wife were attending a conference…/ The mayor and his wife, whose house was ransacked by a juvenile gang, were attending a conference… b) When the mayor and his wife were attending…, their house was ransacked by a juvenile gang. 6. a) Provided (that) they can overcome serious problems like crime and pollution, cities like New York and Detroit can survive. b) Cities like New York and Detroit can survive if they can overcome serious problems like crime and pollution. 2. Fronting and inversion前置与倒装 1）Fronting without inversion不引起倒装的前置 通常为宾语，主补，宾补 A horrible mess you’ve made of it. Very strange it seemed. Reason (P450) For textual coherence上下文紧密衔接 For a contrastive meaning and to ensure balance in sentence structure.意义对比和结构的匀称 2）Fronting with inversion引起倒装的前置 试观察，并总结规律： a.) Happy indeed are those who receive marvelous news after a long silence. 主补前置时，若主语较长或结构复杂，则倒装 b)I lost a for