精益生产看板设计资料(全英文)..doc

Kanban Scheduling Systems The Challenge of Simplicity What Is Kanban Scheduling Kanban scheduling systems are among the most simple, effective and inexpensive means for manufacturing production and inventory control. The concept is proven. From Nagoya to Wichita Falls; from Windsor to Geelong; from microelectronics to heavy steel– Kanban scheduling systems reduce inventory, eliminate stockouts, displace massive computers and slash overhead. They improve both service and quality. So why doesnt every manufacturer employ this miracle? In many situations, it is inappropriate–– other methods work better. Even When Kanban is an excellent choice, firms may ignore it. Kanban scheduling often evokes strong emotional responses from both proponents and detractors and sets a variety of organizational phenomena at work against it. Kanban scheduling systems operate like supermarkets. A small stock of every item sits in a dedicated location with a fixed space allocation. Customers come to the store. They visually select and purchase their items. An electronic signal goes to the supermarkets regional warehouse which details which items have sold. The warehouse prepares a (usually) daily replenishment delivery of the exact items sold. In large, modern supermarkets Kanban signals come from checkout scanners. They travel electronically (usually once each day) to the warehouse. Some stores still use a visual system. Here, a clerk walks the aisles daily. From empty spaces he deduces what sold. The clerk then orders replacements. This signal might go by telephone, FAX or courier. Often it travels on the returning delivery truck. Another variation is the bread truck. Here drivers follow a fixed route from store to store. They have a supply of bakery items in their truck. At each stop, they examine the stock and replenish what has been sold. A Manufacturing Example Kanban scheduling in manufacturing works in the same way. The essential elements of a system are: Stockpoint(s) Withdrawal