公共选择与代理问题日本国立大学独立行政法人化研究.pdfVIP

2ω4年第4期 〈总第 136 期) 现代日本经济 Contemporary Economy of Japan 公、将远?争主司代理问题: 日本国jj;_穴学拙.豆疗政法久化研究 佟桂先鲁燕 (吉林·人吁:尔北班研究院， 吉林 氏春 130012) No. 4. 2004 (VoI.l36) 摘要: 当代西方国家行政改革基于公共边排理论和新保守主义，通过政府部门职能转换，向公共产品和ß1务 领战..f-入市场竞争机制.以提高效率、优化社会资源配置.在考察西方周京以及日本行政体制改革主要特征 的基础尘，结合姿托代理理论， 对日本副主大学独立行放法人化改革展开分析得知.改革使政府与大学、大 学与教师之间形成两组委托代理契约，政府对大学的部价机制和大学新的人事制度实破土是解决代理问趣的 监督机制;研究经费重点配置和拔术转移收入的回馈则是激励机制.然而研究显示， 信息不对称状态下，现 有的监督和激励机制不足以完全解决新的委托代理契约中隐含的代理问题. 关键词:公共选择:行政改革; 代理问绳:独立行政法人 中图分类号 : G649.313 文献标识码: A 文章编号 : 100守-355X (2004) 04--005•-0 6 Public Choice and Agency: A Study ofthe Corporation Trend 。f Japanese State Universities Independent Administration TONG Gui-xian, LU Yan (Northeast Asia Studies Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012 China) Abstract:Contemporary westem admìnistrative reforms are based on the public choice theory and nω.conservatism， with the ∞mmon objectives being to improve efficiency and to optimize the distribution of social resources by changing the roles of governments and by introducing the market ωmpetition mechanism into the fie lds of publ ic goods and services. In light of the principal-agency theory, the paper observes 由e major characteristics of the administrative reforms in w臼tern countries including Japan and makes an analysis of the independent administrative ∞φoration trend of Japanese state universìtìes. Jt is found that the reform has established two principal-agency subcontra心ts between government and universities and between university and faculty, with the priority assignment of funds and the rewards from technical transfer being the chief incentives. The study alsd shows、 however. that under the state of informational asymmetry, the projected monitoring and incentive mechani kev WordsL public choice; admìnistrative reform; agcncy issues; independent administrative corporation 公共选择理论试剧将有关市场机制-F人 类行为的经济理论用于政府行为的研究，肉 此义被称为官僚经济学飞广义的公共选择 可以定义为非市场决策的经济学研究，但11采 收稿日期:.!I)04→川一:1Il 剧经济学方法研究政拍科学的主题，如国家 理论、投祟规则、投祟者行为等等;狭义的 公共选择理