第五章听说读写的培养方法.docVIP

第七章 培养听说读写能力的方法 第一节 必须进行听说读写综合训练Integrated Skills P228 一、分类： 可归纳为两类： 一是理解能力receptive skills（听和读） 二是表达能力productive skills（说和写） 二、进行综合训练的必要性： 1、从技能在日常交际使用的情况看： In our daily life, we are constantly performing tasks that involve a natural integration of language skills simply because skills are rarely used in isolation. One’s overall competence in a foreign language involves performing effectively a combination of the skills. 2、从我国英语教学的历史看： 由于普遍采用语法翻译法，使相当一部分学生存在“聋哑症”，但近几年推行听说法，相当一部分阅读和书面能力很差。 三、听说读写训练的基本要求： 1、注意训练方式的多样化 2、注意利用直观教具，设置和利用情景 3、注意训练的普及率 4、注意在恰当的时间，以恰当的方式去处理学生的错误 如学生在口头表达时出现错误，尽量不要中途打断，而是悄悄地将错误记下来，待学生说完后进行纠正。 指出错误不要总是直接，可采用启发，让学生明白错误出在那里，明白如何纠正，培养学生自我鉴别的能力。 如：学生：A horse has four foot. 老师不要让学生纠正，问：Is he/ she right?而用启发： four foot? 批改书面作业要细致，可采用下列批改符号Codes： symbol meaning S Incorrect spelling W.O. Wrong word order T Wrong tense C Concord, Subject and verb do not agree. WF Wrong form S/P Singular or plural form wrong ∧ Something has been left out. ﹝﹞ Something is not necessary. ?M Meaning is not clear. NA The usage is not appropriate. P Punctuation wrong 5、注意加强教师的指导作用，坚持以学生为主体进行训练 四、如何进行综合训练How can we integrate the four skills? P230 1. simple integration: The integration is within the same medium (either oral or written), from receptive to productive skills, such as, using a listening text as a model for the students’ speaking, or a reading text as a model for the students’ writing. complex integration It involves constructing a series of activities that use a variety of skills. In each of the activities, there is realistic, communicative use of language. 五、对英语教学的启示：The implications for teaching P233 1. Focus on discourse Teachers need to be aware of the discourse features of a text and to be able to make students aware of them. This helps the integration of skills because it makes clear the teaching points and, for simple integration, the discourse features are the main language aspects that we transfer from one skill to the other