第三章文化语境.pptVIP

我与父亲不相见已有2年余，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。 这时我看见他的背影，我的眼泪很快留下来了。 等他的背影混入来来往往的人里，再找不着了，我便进来坐下。 我读到此处，在晶莹的泪光中，又看见了那肥胖的，青布棉袍，黑布马褂的背影。 我与父亲不相见已有2年余，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。 It is more than two years since I last saw father and what I can never forget is the sight of his back. 这时我看见他的背影，我的眼泪很快留下来了。 While I was watching him from behind, tears gushed from my eyes. 等他的背影混入来来往往的人里，再找不着了，我便进来坐下。 I, however, did not go back to my seat until his figure was lost among crowds of people hurrying to and fro and no longer visible. 我读到此处，在晶莹的泪光中，又看见了那肥胖的，青布棉袍，黑布马褂的背影。 Through the glistening tears which these words had brought to my eyes, I again saw the back of father’s corpulent form in the dark blue cotton-padded cloth long gown and the black cloth mandarin jacket. 布衣蔬食 Wear clothes of cotton and eat vegetables Wear coarse clothes and eat simple food 毛主席问陈妻“你们俩感情好不好？”陈妻答：“好。”主席听了感到非常高兴。 Then Chairman Mao talked with Chen’s wife. He was pleased to know that they had a happy home life. 3.3文化语境与词语翻译 Translation of words in the light of cultural contexts What is culture? 英语中的culture 来源于拉丁文cultura,这个词的最早的基本意义是耕作、种植、作物。随着社会文明的发展，人类认识的深化，culture 一词的外延不断延伸，内涵不断丰富。 文化的定义： 文化是一种复杂体，它包括知识、信仰、艺术、道德、法律、风俗、以及其余社会上习得的能力和习惯。 Influence of culture on language A．地理环境气候对语言的影响 spring like mushrooms 如雨后春笋 plentiful as blackberries 多如牛毛 Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou are more lovely and more temperate. 我可否把你比作美丽的夏天？ 你比夏天更可爱，也更加温善。 B.历史文化对语言的影响： 东施效颦 Dongshi, an ugly woman, knitting her brows in imitation of the famous beauty Xishi, only to make herself uglier---crude imitation with ludicrous effect. 济公劫富济贫，深受穷苦人民爱戴。 Jigong, Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich and helped the poor. C.宗教文化对语言的影响 谋事在人，成事在天。 Man proposes, God disposes.(霍译） Man proposes, Heaven disposes.（杨译） God helps those who help themselves. 天佑自救者。 D.神话寓言对语言的影响 swan song 根据西方传说swan临死时发出美妙的歌声，用来比喻“诗人、音乐家等的最后的作品” Achilles’ heel 致命的弱点 Samson’s hair 力量的源泉 Pandora’s box潘多拉的盒子 愚公移山，守株待兔，郑人买鞋、夸父追日 E.风俗习惯对语言的影响 “你吃饭了吗？” “你去上班吗？” 一见面是寒暄，寒暄之后说