英语为母语的中高级留学生汉语熟语的学习现状及相应教学法.pdfVIP

摘 要 熟语作为汉语言中的文化瑰宝一直沿用至今，并因其能增加汉语言的生动性而经常出 现在日常交际中。进入中高级阶段学习的留学生开始接触到熟语，并对此产生较浓厚的兴 趣，但由于熟语蕴含中国特有的文化属性，这使得留学生在理解和使用熟语时有一定的困 难。本文从文化角度，对母语为英语的留学生展开调查，了解学生熟语学习情况，并有针 对性地提出教学策略，力图解决汉语国际教育教学中熟语教学的实际问题。 本文以文化语言学为理论基础，对现行汉语国际教育教材和HSK 考试中所出现的熟语 进行分析，从文化来源角度将高频使用的熟语分为日常生活、历史典故、宗教信仰以及地 域环境四类。然后兼顾汉英词语文化对应程度的高低从中选取了部分熟语设计调查问卷， 通过对调查问卷结果的数据统计，得出结论：熟语中的词语在汉英语言中文化内涵基本对 应时，留学生理解和使用的正确率较高；熟语中的词语在汉英语言中文化内涵部分对应或 不对应时，留学生理解和使用的正确率较低，其中文化内涵部分对应的正确率还略低于文 化内涵不对应的。最后根据调查结果提出了相应的教学方法——翻译法、对比法和添加法。 【关键词】 熟语 汉语国际教育 文化 对应 ABSTRACT Idioms, the essence in Chinese traditional culture, have been used till now, and are always used in people’s daily life to make Chinese language more interesting. Those foreign students whose Chinese level belongs to middle and high-ranking stage begin to study idioms and have much interest. However, due to their special Chinese features, it is a bit difficult for the foreign students to understand and use idioms. From a cultural perspective, this article points out the condition of learning idioms by a survey among the foreign students who are English native speakers, and comes up with teaching strategies accordingly to solve some actual problems in the teaching of idioms in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. This paper is based on cultural linguistics. The idioms in the text books of TCFL and HSK are mainly analyzed. From a perspective of cultural origin, these high-frequently used idioms are divided into four categories of daily life, historical stories, religious belief and terrains. Then taking cultural corresponding into consideration, choose some of these idioms and design the questionnaire. By gathering the statics of the result, the conclusion is reached that it’s easy for foreign students to understand and use the