临空经济研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 近年来，我国航空运输业取得了飞速的发展，作为运送旅客和货物的场所 的机场也越来越受到人们的关注。在机场尤其是大型机场的附近，聚集了很多 跟航空相关联的产业，这些产业聚集在机场附近，已经成为机场所在区域经济 发展的重要增长点，这种现象谓之“临空经济”。 临空经济是指依托大型机场尤其是国际性枢纽机场的强大的客流和物流所 带来的巨大的航空收益，吸引生产、资本、技术、人口在机场周围聚集，形成 以临空产业为主导、众多产业有机关联的产业集群的新的经济现象。它的产生 正如马克思所阐述的那样，是由于专业化分工协作节约了劳动时间、提高了劳 动生产率，增加了企业的利润。临空经济既是一种特殊的区域经济，又是一种 产业经济，它已成为机场所在区域经济发展的引擎。 这种经济现象最早出现在爱尔兰的香农机场，后来西方各发达国家相继发 展临空经济，并取得了丰硕的成果。目前，我国各地也纷纷借鉴国际经验，探 求发展临空经济之道，并取了一定的成果，但仍存在较多的问题，如定位不清 晰、规划层次低等，为此，我们要抓住奥运会、世博会以及国家重大发展战略 的机遇，从自身的情况出发，制定出具有当地特色的临空经济发展战略，依靠 临空产业集群带动区域经济发展。 关键词：产业关联；产业集群；分工协作；生产社会化；临空经济 1 Abstract The airport transportation industry has developed rapidly in recent years, and the airport, the site for passenger and cargo transportation, is now attracting people’s eyes. Many industries gather around airports, especially those large airports. These industries have become the important economic growth point for the region in which airports lie. This phenomenon is called “airport-transportation-oriented economy”. It refers to the phenomenon that production, capital, technology and people are attracted to gather around the airport by the huge amount of passengers and cargos, and it’s an industrial cluster which is mainly made of airport-transportation-oriented industries and others which are linked to each other. As Karl Marx has said, specialized division and cooperation save work time, improve work productivity and increase the company’s profit, which is just the reason why the new phenomenon has come up. Not only does airport-transportation-oriented economy concerns region’s economy, but also it is related to industrial economy. Now it has become an engine of the region’s economic development. Western countries have made great achievements in developing airport-transportation-orien