基础医学各论：5.血液系统药物.pptVIP

The mechanism of aspirin: Target enzymes acetylated Thrombolytic drugs Thrombolytic drugs Streptokinase（SK）(T1/2 = 23 min; ) Urokinase（UK） (T1/2 = 15 min; ) Tissue plasminogen activator ( t-PA，组织纤溶酶原激活剂 ) i.v. T1/2 = 3~8 min Action of thrombolytic drugs t-PA (+) Thrombolytic drugs Common adverse effects bleeding antidotes: antifibrinolytic drugs Bleeding Thrombolysis Drugs for treatment of bleeding Vitamine K Carboxylation of the glutamic acid residues of factors II, IIV, IX, X, protein C. Preventing bleeding with vitamine K deficiency or warfarin-induced bleeding Vitamin K Vitamin K Drugs for treatment of bleeding Thrombin-like agents thrombin prothrombin complex used for various bleeding Drugs for treatment of bleeding Drugs preventing activation of antifibrinolytics aprotinin (抑肽酶） tranexamic acid (AMCHA, 氨甲环酸) p-aminomethylbenzoic acide (PAMBA, 氨甲苯酸） used for preventing the activation fibrinolysis and resultant bleeding Inhibiting plasminogen activation Drugs for treatment of anemia Anemia may result from the excess destruction of erythrocytes, and nutritional deficiencies (iron, minerals, cobalt, vitamin B12, folic acid, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, copper, zinc, etc. ) Iron: anemia due to loss of erythrocytes and iron deficiency Folic acid and vitamin B12: megaloblastic anemia Erythropoietin (EPO) promoting red cell proliferation and differentiation Iron ferrous sulfate 硫酸亚铁 ferric ammonium citrate 枸橼酸铁铵 1. Interaction with other drugs or diet in the GI tract 2. Used for anemia due to loss of erythrocytes and iron deficiency 3. Adverse effects: GI reactions, hypersensitivity Acute intoxication: severe CVS and GI reactions - treated with deferoxamine（去铁敏） Folic acid 1. Pharmacological effects Regulating nucleic acid, amino acid metabolism 2. Clinical uses Megaloblastic anemia; MTX-induced anemia 3. Adverse effects Rarely reported Vitamin B