西安交通大学医学院血液系统疾病课件 Hematologic Diseases.pptVIP

Hematologic Diseases General Introduction of Hematology Components and functions of blood Two major components: blood cells(cellular fraction) plasma (non-cellular fraction) Primary functions : red blood cell: to transport O2 and CO2 neutrophils: to destruct microorganisms lymphocyte: to mediate immune reaction Compositions of hematopoietic organs Hematopoietic organs: blood, bone marrow, liver,spleen, lymph nodes Structure of bone marrow: outside cortex: inside medulla : 50% hematopoietic and 50% fat tissues hematopoietic cells are arranged in cords around sinusoid mature cell are released into sinusoid through endothelia cell of sinus abundant blood vessles are linked to sinusoid Hematopoiesis in adult: To be confined to bone marrow and lymphocyte Hematopoiesis in fetal: Yolk sac, liver and spleen Extramedullary hematopoisis: Process of hematopoiesis Hematopoietic cell: Pluripotential stem cell CD34+/ CD38- A small compartment of stem cells A large compartment of proliferating cells of committed lineage A large compartment of maturing cells of both myeloid and lymphoid Hematopoietic stem cell Hematopoietic growth factor: Erythropoietin(EPO): G-CSF,GM-CSF : Thrombopoietin (TPO), IL-11: Classification and characteristics of hematologic diseases Diseases of red blood cells: Aplastic anemia, IDA, hemolytic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, thalassemia, sideroblastic anemia Diseases of white blood cells: Leukepeania, leukecytosis, leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, myelodisplastic syndrome(MDS) Diseases of bleeding and thrombosis: ITP, DIC, hemophilia Characteristics of blood diseases Numerous types Low incidence High mortality Poor prognosis Multi-system involved Lab-test dependent diagnosis Diagnosis of hematopoietic diseases History: symptoms, period of diseases, inductive factors, personal history, occupation h