西安交通大学医学院呼吸系统疾病课件 Chronic Obstructive Emphysema.pptVIP

Chronic Obstructive Emphysema Definition Chronic Inflammation α1-antitrypsin(AAT) Deficiency Pathology Centrilobular Emphysema Panacinar Emphysema Paraseptal Emphysema Pathophysiology Clinical Features Symptoms Signs Accessory Findings Chest Radiograph Computerised Tomography (CT) Scan Lung Function Tests Blood gas analysis Diagnosis Treatment Smoking Cessation Controlling air pollution and occupational exposure to dusts, smog, or harmful gases Antibiotics Bronchodilators a. Beta-2 agnonists are mainly used for relieving dyspnea. The long-term acting agents benefit to nocturnal or morning dyspnea. b. Anticolinergic agents with MDI have longer effects than beta-2 agonists. There is no evident adverse effects. Combination of anticoligergic agents with beta-2 agnonists has much better effects than single used. c. Theophylline via oral is used in patients who fail to respond to hihaled bronchodilators or those with sleep-related respiratory disturbances. Glucocorticoids Expectorants Respiratory stimulant Oxygen therapy Lung volume lessen surgery * * Contributory Factors and Mechanism *