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Using Light to Manipulate Atoms Source: G.Timp-Nanotechnology AFM image of chromium lines created by focusing Cr atoms in a standing wave. (McClelland et al., Science 262, 877, 1993) SEM image of Cr lines created by focusing Cr atoms in a standing wave. (Scholten et al., J. Vac. Sci. Tech. 12, 1847 (1994) (a) (b) Using Light to Manipulate Atoms Source: G.Timp-Nanotechnology (a) Experimental apparatus for focusing sodium atoms with a standing wave into a grating with 294 nm pitch and (b) a scanning tunneling micrograph of a typical grating. (Timp et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 1636 (1992) Using Light to Manipulate Atoms Source: G.Timp-Nanotechnology AFM image of aluminum lines created by focusing aluminum atoms in a standing wave (R.W. McGowan and S.A. Lee) Shaping the World Atom by Atom IBM A row of seven xenon atoms constructed with the STM. The xenon atoms are spaced apart (5 Angstrom) every other atom of the underlying nickel surface. The xenon atoms cannot be packed together any tighter and remain in a single row. We can study the strength of xenon-xenon interaction relative to the strength of interaction between xenon atoms and the underlying nickel atoms. Here Xe-Ni interaction is stronger than Xe-Xe interaction. Shaping the World Atom by Atom Don Eigler IBM World’s smallest Writing We can write 260,000,000 pages of Encyclopedia Britannica on a pin head !!! ~ 3 nm Nano_advertisement Shaping the World Atom by Atom Don Eigler IBM Shaping the World Atom by Atom IBM: Carbon monoxide Man Quantum Mirage What is an Ellipse? x2 a2 y2 b2 = 1 + Foci Ellipse Light emitted from one focus will be reflected onto the other focus. Quantum Mirage IBM, Manoharan, Lutz and Eigler Nature 3 February 2000 a = 7.13 nm A STM was used to position 36 Cobalt (Co) atoms in an elliptical structure known as a “quantum corral.” Electron waves moving in the copper (111) substrate interact both with a magnetic cobalt atom carefully positioned at one of the foci of the elli