Variable_一个单独的元素(整数.pptVIP

Ming-Hong Shih Digital Signal Processing with Example in MATLAB Digital Signal Processingwith Examples in MATLAB? Chap 1 Introduction Ming-Hong Shih, Aug 25, 2003 Introduction to MATLAB Why is MATLAB in use by a large fraction of the DSP community? (1)The user do most DSP operations with very simple lines of code. (2)MATLAB’s graphics support. (3)Don’t to be an expert in MATLAB. Variables, Vectors, Matrices, and Arrays Variable:一個單獨的元素(整數、實數、複數)。 向量(Vector):一維的矩陣，可分為Column Vectors及Row Vectors。 矩陣(Matrices):二維的陣列，一維向量為其特例。 陣列(Arrays): Using array as an inclusive term to designate a vector or a matrix. Variables, Vectors, Matrices, and Arrays Indexing a matrix A=[1 2; 3 4]; A(1,1)=1; % the index starts from 1 A(1,2)=2; A(2,1)=3; A(2,2)=4; Array Operation - Sum(+) and Difference(-) Array Operation - Sum(+) and Difference(-) (cont.) Array Operation - Product(*) Array Operation  - Product(*) (cont.) Array Operation - Exponentiation(^) Array Operation - Product(.*) and Exponentiation(.^) Array Operation - Transpose( ′ and . ′) Array Operation - Transpose( ′ and . ′) (cont.) Example – M-file Example – M-file(cont.) Matlab functions Matlab has lot of toolboxes, which contain many functions help function-name On-line help for a function lookfor keyword Search for functions that are related to this keyword Loop Example: for i=1:1:10 a(i) = i; end; Laboratory exercise #1 Read and show an image: I=double(imread(‘swim.bmp’)); imshow(I, []); Perform the following operation to matrix I: * * ──→ Variable ──→ Vector ──→ Matrix The sum or difference of two array is obtained simply by adding or subtracting the individual element. Dimensions must be the same unless one variable is a scalar. 矩陣與純量可以直接進行加減， MATLAB 會直接將加減應用到 每一個元素。 純量對矩陣的乘或除， 可比照一般寫法。 矩陣與純量可以直接進行乘法， MATLAB 會直接將乘法應用到 每一個元素。 進行矩陣相乘，必需確認第一個矩陣的 直行數目(Column Dimension)必需等於 第二個矩陣的橫列數目(Row Dimension) ，否則其乘法無從定義，MATLAB 會產 生錯誤訊息。 矩陣的次方運算，可由「^」 來達成，但矩陣必需是方矩陣 ，其次方運算才有意義。 若在「