药用植物半夏的杀虫活性及毒杀机制分析-insecticidal activity and toxicity mechanism analysis of medicinal plant pinellia ternata.docxVIP
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药用植物半夏的杀虫活性及毒杀机制分析-insecticidal activity and toxicity mechanism analysis of medicinal plant pinellia ternata
机制,结果表明,半夏乙醇提取物对甜菜夜蛾乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性表现出先激活后抑制的特征,随着取食时间延长,体内乙酰胆碱酯酶活力逐渐降低,且差异显著(P<0.05);对甜菜夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活力、羧酸酯酶活性表现出较强的抑制特征,随着时间延长,抑制活性逐渐加强;对甜菜夜多功能氧化酶活性表现出激活特性,在6、12、24、48和72h体内多功能氧化酶活力均显著高于取食正常叶片相同时间的个体(P<0.05)。半夏乙醇提取物对甜菜夜中肠蛋白酶活性表现出抑制特性,处理甜菜夜蛾幼虫在6、12、24、48和72h中肠蛋白酶活力均显著低于对照个体(P<0.05);对中肠淀粉酶活性表现出激活特性,在6、12、24、48和72h中肠淀粉酶活力均显著高于对照个体(P<0.05);中肠脂肪酶活性先升高后降低。取食提取物处理叶片的甜菜夜蛾幼虫,体内超氧化物歧化酶活力均显著高于取食正常处理叶片相同时间的个体(P<0.05),体内过氧化物酶活力均显著低于相同时间的对照个体(P<0.05),体内过氧化氢酶活力也均显著低于相同时间取食正常叶片的个体(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,半夏乙醇提取物对甜菜夜蛾具有较好的杀虫活性,通过改变体内解毒酶活性、消化酶活性及保护酶活性来干扰该虫正常代谢,进一步起到毒杀的作用。关键词:半夏;杀虫活性;毒杀机制InsecticidalactivitiesandinsecticidalmechanismonextractsfromPinelliaternataFuShilong(botany)ABSTRACTAlthoughtheutilizationofplantmaterialstoprotectfieldcropsandstoredcommoditiesagainstinsectattackhasalonghistory,botanicalpesticideplaysaminorroleinmodernpesticideindustry.Infact,insecticidalplanthasgivengreatcontributiontomodernpesticideinanotheraspect.It’swellknownthatmanyimportantpesticideswereman-madepesticidesdesignedaccordingtothenaturalproducts.Chineseherbalmedicinehasbeenusedinclinicovertwothousandsyears,manyofthemexhibitpesticidalactivitiesatthesametime.It’saninterestingresearchtofindnovelleadcompoundsfromChineseherbalmedicine.InthisthesisweusedextractsfromPinelliaternateasinsecticideandselectedSpodopteraexiguaastargetedpesttoexplorethenewplantsourcepesticides,theinsecticidalactivitieswasconductedbyevaluatingantifeedantactivity,contactactivity,stomachpoisoning,pupae-killingeffects,ovicidalactivity,ovipositiondeterrentaction,inhibitionofgrowthanddevelopment.ToinvestigatetheextractsinsecticidalmechanismagainstSpodopteraexigua,thedetoxificationenzymeactivities,digestiveenzymeactivitiesandprotectiveenzymeactivitiesweretestedrespectively.Themainresultswereasfollows:Theinsecticidalactivecompositionwereextractedbyfivespeciesdifferentpolarsolvents(methanol,ethanol,acetone,ethylacetate,petroleumether)usingthreeextractionmethods(Soxhletextraction,Utrasonic-extractionmethods,methodofdippingpoweredatroomtemperature).
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