初二英语阅读理解专题2——猜测词义.docVIP

初二英语 阅读理解专题2——猜测词义 考查猜测词义的出题方式有： 1. The underlined word “land” in the last paragraph probably means “____” in Chinese. 2. The underlined word “detour” in the fifth paragraph means “____” in Chinese. 3. The word “satiated” in the second paragraph can best be replaced by “____”. 4. The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is the closest in meaning to “____”. 【秘笈1】通过词根、词缀推测生词的含义。 一般前缀改变词义,后缀改变词性。 例如： act v. 做(词根) → active adj. 积极的；活跃的 tell v.说；告诉(词根) → retell v. 重复；复述 ● 前缀 ●后缀 【秘笈2】 通过上下文推测生词的含义 ● 同义法 利用解释推测生词的意思。 (1) 用动词或词组be, mean, refer to给出前面生词的含义。例如： Equipment refers to the things that are needed for a particular purpose or activity. (设备) You know what a siddur is? It’s a Jewish book. (犹太教的祈祷书) (2) 通过举例的方法给出生词的含义。例如： After a day of hunting, Harold was ravenous. He ate two bowls of soup, a salad, a large chicken, and a piece of chocolate cake before he was finally satisfied. (饥饿的) (3) 通过生词后括号内或者破折号后的内容给出生词的含义。例如： He got a score of love in the tennis match (his score is zero). (参加比赛时,一方得零分) (4) 通过生词的同位语或定语给出生词的含义。例如： He’s a barber. That’s to say, a person whose job is to cut men’s hair. (理发师) ● 反义法 表示转折的词,如 “but , though, however” 和表示对比关系的词或表达 “unlike, different from, on the contrary” 等出现,那就表明这些词语的前后就是两个完全相反的概念。例如： Unlike her pesky sister, Joan is a lovely girl. (讨厌的) If Chris puts a price on her friendship, it’s no longer priceless. In fact, it’s not really friendship. ● 逻辑法 (无价的) 利用句子间的类比、因果、递进等逻辑关系推测生词的含义的方法。 表示类比的词或表达有 “similarly, in the same way” 等； 表示因果关系的词或表达有 “as a result, therefore, because, due to, in order to” 等； 表示递进关系的词或表达有 “ and then, even, in fact” 等。例如： Water is added to the liquid(液体) in order to dilute it. (冲淡,稀释) The game’s postponement was because of bad weather. (推迟) ● 常识法 利用科普知识和生活常识推测生词含义的方法。例如： The snake s