marine antimicrobial peptides nature provides templates for the design of novel compounds against pathogenic bacteria.海洋自然抗菌肽提供了模板的设计新颖的化合物对致病细菌.pdfVIP

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marine antimicrobial peptides nature provides templates for the design of novel compounds against pathogenic bacteria.海洋自然抗菌肽提供了模板的设计新颖的化合物对致病细菌.pdf

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marine antimicrobial peptides nature provides templates for the design of novel compounds against pathogenic bacteria.海洋自然抗菌肽提供了模板的设计新颖的化合物对致病细菌

International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review Marine Antimicrobial Peptides: Nature Provides Templates for the Design of Novel Compounds against Pathogenic Bacteria Annarita Falanga 1, Lucia Lombardi 2, Gianluigi Franci 2, Mariateresa Vitiello 2, Maria Rosaria Iovene 2, Giancarlo Morelli 1, Massimiliano Galdiero 2 and Stefania Galdiero 1,3, * 1 Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB-University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy; annarita.falanga@unina.it (A.F.); giancarlo.morelli@unina.it (G.M.) 2 Department of Experimental Medicine, II University of Naples, Via De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; lucia.lombardi@unina2.it (L.L.); gianluigi.franci@yahoo.it (G.F.); mteresa.vitiello@unina2.it (M.V.); MariaRosaria.IOVENE@unina2.it (M.R.I.); massimiliano.galdiero@unina2.it (M.G.) 3 John Felice Rome Center, Loyola University Chicago, Via Massimi 114, 00136 Roma, Italy * Correspondence: stefania.galdiero@unina.it; Tel.: +39-081-253-4503 Academic Editor: Már Másson Received: 22 April 2016; Accepted: 18 May 2016; Published: 21 May 2016 Abstract: The discovery of antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections brought the idea that bacteria would no longer endanger human health. However, bacterial diseases still represent a worldwide treat. The ability of microorganisms to develop resistance, together with the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, is mainly responsible for this situation; thus, resistance has compelled the scientiﬁc community to search for novel therapeutics. In this scenario, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) provide a promising strategy against a wide array of pathogenic microorganisms, being able to act directly as antimicrobial agents but also being important regulators of the innate immune system. This review is an attempt to explore marine AMPs as a rich source of molecules with antimicrobial activity. In fact, the sea is p