北京外国语大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试.docVIP

北京外国语大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试 ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? 英汉同声传译专业试卷 ? 一、将下列短文译成汉语（25分）? The dangers of a population explosion have been all over the newspapers lately and indeed the world population could reach seven billion in just two years and eight billion perhaps in the next two decades. But that’s not the only story. Dramatic declines in fertility rates in some countries and high rates in others pose a critical challenge. One must be reminded that the growth of world population — which now stands at an estimated 6.8 billion human inhabitants — has greatly impacted all life forms and the overall natural environment of the planet.Although the population of the world continues to grow substantially — 79 million per year — the rate of growth has declined by nearly half over the last 40 years – from 2 percent to 1.2 percent a year. The cause for the slowdown is declining fertility rates. However, while the average global fertility has dropped from about 5 to 2.6 births per woman during the past 50 years, considerable uncertainty exists about the future. ?Insofar as fertility is the engine driving the future size of world population, this uncertainty about the path of fertility in the coming years is one of the central and challenging questions of this century. (199) ? 二、将下列文章译成汉语（50分）? President Obama’s recent trip to China reflects a symbiotic relationship at the heart of the global economy: China uses American spending power to enlarge its private sector, while America uses Chinese lending power to expand its public sector. Yet this arrangement may unravel in a dangerous way, and if it does, the most likely culprit will be Chinese economic overcapacity.Several hundred million Chinese peasants have moved from the countryside to the cities over the last 30 years, in one of the largest, most rapid migrations in history. To help make this work, the Chinese government has subsidized its exporters by pegging the renminbi at an unnaturally lo