美国政治制度pptPPT.ppt

The President and the Judiciary The president and his powers 1 The organization of executive branch 2 3 The state court system 4 The federal court system American president Because the United States is a, presidential system the president fulfills the roles of head of state and head of government . The power of American president Executive powers Powers related to Legislation Powers of Appointment委任的权利 Executive clemency 行政赦免 Foreign affairs Emergency Powers The organization of executive branch（行政分支） Four agency White house Office 白宫 National security Council 美国国家 安全委员会 Council of Economic advisors 经济顾问委员会 Office of management and budget 行政管理 预算局 The federal court systems The supreme court (final jurisdiction) Two systems The state courts Federal courts system appeal district supreme Main function Both trial and appellate courts The district courts Bring to federal courts of appeal The courts of appeal Highest court in the federal system The supreme court ThemeGallery is a Design Digital Content Contents mall developed by Guild Design Inc. Superior courts a state supreme court Appellate courts A hierarchy of three levels The state court system Political Parities and Elections The United states has two-party system. Only the two major parties, Democrats and Republicans, have the chance to win the general election and control of Congress. Contents 4 The development of political parties 1 2 3 5 The structure and function of political parties Differences : Democrats and Republicans Voting and elections Electing President The development of political parties 18世纪90年代初~1824年 第一个重要时期 1824年~内战前 第二个重要时期 内战时期 重要转折点 美国两党制形成的奠基时期，在此期间，美国政党政治开创了两党轮流执政的局面，两党各自也确立了全国代表大会制度。 内战结束以后，美国的两党政治进入一个新的历史时期，即民主党与共和党长期垄断国家政权的历史时期。在这一时期，两大政党已经完全拜托了近代政党的组织模式和观念，发展成为现代的政党。 之后美国的两党政治发展起来，存在着一些不平衡，直到1952年两党才均衡地交替执政 The development 美国两党政治兴起的历史时期，对以后美国两党政治的发展具有重要的影响。 The structure of political parties Have the chance