NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION - Kvsangathanectlt：营养和呼吸kvsangathanectlt.pptVIP

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NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION - Kvsangathanectlt：营养和呼吸kvsangathanectlt.ppt

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NUTRITION AND RESPIRATION - Kvsangathanectlt：营养和呼吸kvsangathanectlt

DARK REACTION The NADPH2 molecule as well as ATP(assimilatory power) produced during the light reaction are utilized in the stroma of chloroplast for synthesis of carbohydrate from CO2. This is called carbon fixation In this process CO2 enters into a series of reactions with Ribulose biphosphate ( five carbon sugar). At the end carbohydrate is synthesized and Ribulose biphosphate is regenerated. This is called Calvin-Benson cycle. After its discoverer Melvin Calvin Ande Benson. FACTORS NECESSARY FOR PHOTOSYNTHESIS A number of factors affect the process of photosynthesis, as a result of which productivity is affected. These are Carbon dioxide Water Chlorophyll Light Temperature CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) Air contains 0.03% of CO2. It is released by respiration, combustion of fossil fuels and microbial decomposition. During early morning hours and evening hours, CO2 released in respiration is sufficient for photosynthesis. At this stage, there is no exchange of gases between the plant and the environment. This is called compensation point. An increase in the concentration of CO2 upto 0.1% increases the rate of photosynthesis. Higher concentration of CO2 decreases the rate of photosynthesis. WATER Plants absorb water and mineral salts through root hair and pass it to the leaves through xylem. If there is less availability of H2O, then stomata closes ( to reduce the water loss by transpiration) and there is decreased CO2 absorption and sunlight absorption. Therefore the rate of photosynthesis decreases. CHLOROPHYLL Only cells having chlorophyll are photosynthetic. There is no proportionality between the rate of photosynthesis and amount of chlorophyll. LIGHT White light consists of all the seven colours. Highest rate of photosynthesis is seen in red light and minimum in green light. Chlorophyll can absorb violet, blue and red light rays. The rate of photosynthesis increases at the lower intensity of light and decreases in the stronger intensity of light. TEMPERA