SLA讲义2011春——chapter2.pptVIP

SLA: Second Language AcquisitionbyCao LumanfromNYNU ? sla introduction.ppt “Second” vs. “foreign” language acquisition In the case of “Second” language acquisition, the language plays an institutional social role in the community—it functions as a recognized means of communication among members who speak some other language as their mother tongue. Second Language Acquisition For example, English as a second language is learnt in the US, UK countries in Africa such as Nigeria (尼日利亚) Zambia. Second v. foreign In contrast, “foreign” language learning takes place in settings where the language plays no major role in the community is primarily learnt only in the classroom. Examples of foreign language learning are English learnt in China，France or Japan. Second Language Acquisition In the broad sense, “second”can refer to any language that is learned subsequent to the mother tongue. Thus, it can refer to the learning of a 3rd or 4th language. Also, “second” is not intended to contrast with “foreign”. Second Language Acquisition Whether you are learning a language naturally as a result of living in a country where it is spoken (naturalistic or spontaneous), or learning it in a classroom through instruction (instructed or guided), it is customary to speak generically of “second” language acquisition. Second Language Acquisition L2 acquisition can be defined as the way in which people learn a language other than their mother tongue, inside or outside of a classroom, “Second Language Acquisition” (SLA) as the study of this. SLA SLA took place around the end of the 1960s, developed in the 1970s or even early 1980s. SLA is a complex, multifaceted （多方面的）phenomenon it’s not surprising that it has come to mean different things to different people. Competence v. performance According to Chomsky (1965) Competence consists of the mental representations of linguistic rules that constitute the speaker-hearer’s internal grammar. Performance consists of the use of this