脑出血患者下呼吸道感染细菌分布的情况及耐药性.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 脑出血患者下呼吸道感染细菌分布的情况及耐药性 陈红 　　（湖北省黄冈市英山县人民医院检验科 438700） 　　【摘要】目的：探讨分析脑出血患者下呼吸道感染细菌分布的情况和细菌耐药性情况，对临床上合理使用抗菌药物进行指导。方法：选取我院脑外科2010年5月至2013年2月收治的出现下呼吸道感染的脑出血患者90例作为研究对象，回顾性分析患者痰标本分离出的细菌及其耐药性。结果：90例患者中感染革兰阴性菌者49例（54.4%），感染革兰阳性菌者16例（17.8%），感染真菌者25例（27.8%）。革兰阴性菌菌种感染数量依次是肺炎克雷伯菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌及其他；革兰阳性菌菌种感染数量依次是表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌；真菌感染菌种以白色假丝酵母菌为主。不同菌种对抗菌药物的耐药性各异。结论：医护人员??该做好感染防治工作，最大程度的降低感染率；患者出现呼吸道感染时，需要分析感染菌种，针对性地使用抗感染药物。 　　【关键词】脑出血 下呼吸道感染 细菌 耐药性 　　【中图分类号】R563.6 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1672-5085（2014）03-0051-02 　　 　　Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria 　　in Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage and Lower Respiratory Tract Infection 　　Chen Hong Clinical Lab of Yingshan Peoples Hospital, 　　Huang Gang, Hubei province 438700 　　【Abstract】 Objective:To discuss the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with cerebral hemorrhage and lower respiratory tract infection; provide clinical evidence and suggestion for rational use of antibiotics.Methods:Analyze the clinical data of 90 patients with cerebral hemorrhage and lower respiratory tract infection, who receive the treatment from May,2010 to Feb.2013 in our hospital retrospectively. To test and analyze the pathogenic bacteria characteristics and antibiotic resistance.Results: Among all 90 samples, there are 49 cases of Gram-negative bacteria（54.4%）,16 cases of Gram-positive bacteria(17.8%) and 25 cases of fungi (27.8%). For different kinds of Gram-negative bacteria, the sequence based on quantity is Klebsiella pneumoniae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter and other; for Gram-positive bacteria, it is staphylococcus epidermidis, staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae; for fungi, it is mainly Candida albicans. Different bacteria show different antibiotic resistance. Conclusion: The emphasis should be put on infection prevention and treatment, f