英文修辞法大总结 全.docVIP

? 英语修辞手法 Metonymy 借喻,转喻:　借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. 　　I.以容器代替内容,例如: 　　1.The kettle boils. 水开了. 　　2.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. 　　II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: 　　Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. 　　III.以作者代替作品,例如: 　　a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 　　VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.　　 Synecdoche 提喻:　　提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 　　1.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 　　他的厂里约有100名工人. 　　2.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 　　他是本世纪的牛顿. 　　3.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉:　　这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。?? 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。 　　1.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花） 　　鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音. 　　2.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉） 品尝Mozart的音乐. Hyperbole 夸张:以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果. Hyperbole is a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used to emphasize a point, to create humor, or to achieve some similar effects. 　　1.I beg a thousand pardons. 　　2.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars. 3.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out. 4. She was scared to death. 5. I could sleep for a whole year.（我太困了） 6. She is dying to know what job has been assigned her. Parallelism 排比, 平行:　　这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体. In parallel construction it is necessary to balance word for word(noun with noun, verb with verb, adjective with adjective, etc.), phrase with phrase, clause with clause, sentence with sentence. Examples The child was pretty and had brains. He sat down and was beginning to work. The child was pretty and bright. He sat down and began to work. Word for Word Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar, molass