anopheles gambiae immune responses to human and rodent plasmodium parasite species冈比亚疟蚊人类和啮齿动物疟原虫物种的免疫反应.pdfVIP

Anopheles gambiae Immune Responses to Human and Rodent Plasmodium Parasite Species 1 1 1 1 2,3 1* Yuemei Dong , Ruth Aguilar , Zhiyong Xi , Emma Warr , Emmanuel Mongin , George Dimopoulos 1 W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 2 Department of Human Genetics and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 3 European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, The Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom Transmission of malaria is dependent on the successful completion of the Plasmodium lifecycle in the Anopheles vector. Major obstacles are encountered in the midgut tissue, where most parasites are killed by the mosquito’s immune system. In the present study, DNA microarray analyses have been used to compare Anopheles gambiae responses to invasion of the midgut epithelium by the ookinete stage of the human pathogen Plasmodium falciparum and the rodent experimental model pathogen P. berghei. Invasion by P. berghei had a more profound impact on the mosquito transcriptome, including a variety of functional gene classes, while P. falciparum elicited a broader immune response at the gene transcript level. Ingestion of human malaria-infected blood lacking invasive ookinetes also induced a variety of immune genes, including several anti-Plasmodium factors. Twelve selected genes were assessed for effect on infection with both parasite species and bacteria using RNAi gene silencing assays, and seven of these genes were found to influence mosquito resistance to both parasite species. An MD2-like receptor, AgMDL1, and an immunolectin, FBN39, showed