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ant larval demand reduces aphid colony growth rates in an ant-aphid interaction蚂蚁幼虫需求减少蚜虫种群增长率ant-aphid交互
Insects 2012, 3, 120-130; doi:10.3390/insects3010120
OPEN ACCESS
insects
ISSN 2075-4450
/journal/insects/
Article
Ant Larval Demand Reduces Aphid Colony Growth Rates in an
Ant-Aphid Interaction
Tom H. Oliver 1,2,*, Simon R. Leather 3 and James M. Cook 3
1 Division of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY,
UK
2 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AS, UK;
E-Mails: s.leather@imperial.ac.uk (S.R.L.); james.cook@reading.ac.uk (J.M.C.)
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: toliver@ceh.ac.uk;
Tel.: +44-1491-692314.
Received: 13 December 2011; in revised form: 6 January 2012 / Accepted: 11 January 2012 /
Published: 2 February 2012
Abstract: Ants often form mutualistic interactions with aphids, soliciting honeydew in
return for protective services. Under certain circumstances, however, ants will prey upon
aphids. In addition, in the presence of ants aphids may increase the quantity or quality of
honeydew produced, which is costly. Through these mechanisms, ant attendance can
reduce aphid colony growth rates. However, it is unknown whether demand from within
the ant colony can affect the ant-aphid interaction. In a factorial experiment, we tested
whether the presence of larvae in Lasius niger ant colonies affected the growth rate of
Aphis
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