铁离子对土状铜矿中铜浸出影响研究.docVIP

铁离子对土状铜矿中铜浸出影响研究 李晓晖1* 胡淼1 艾仙斌2 何力1 计少石1 丁建南1 （1江西省科学院生物资源研究所，330096，南昌；2江西省科学院能源研究所，330096，南昌） 摘 要：通过研究Fe3+浓度和Fe3+:Fe2+浓度比对铜浸出率的影响，分析了酸浸过程中铁离子提高铜浸出率的浸出机理。结果表明，矿浆浓度为30%，酸浓度为36.8g/L，12g/L硫酸铁溶液浸出土状矿48h后，铜浸出率为62.4%，与无铁时铜浸出率相比提高了10%。其中有92.6%游离氧化铜、70.3%结合氧化铜、35.6%次生硫化铜和11.8%原生硫化铜浸出，比无铁时游离氧化铜、结合氧化铜和次生硫化铜中铜浸出率均明显提高。并且随着Fe2+:Fe3+浓度比降低，铜浸出率逐渐增加。铁离子存在改变了溶液电位，且Fe3+浓度增加提高了溶液电位，从而使得土状铜矿中铜浸出率提高。 关键词：铁离子；土状铜矿；浸出率；浸出机理 Effect of iron ions on copper leaching in earthy copper ores LI Xiao-hui1*, HU Miao1, AI Xian-bin2, HE Li1, JI Shao-shi1, DING Jian-nan1 (1. Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, 330096, Nanchang; 2. Institute of Energy, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, 330096, Nanchang) Abstract: Effect of Fe3+ and Fe3+:Fe2+ ratio on the copper leaching rate has been investigated. The leaching mechanism of iron ions on improving copper leaching during the acid leaching process has been analyzed. The results indicate that the leaching rate was 62.4% with 12.0g/L Fe2(SO4)3 existed and improved almost 10% comparing with that of non-iron ions when the mineral concentration is 30.0%, the acidity of 36.8g/L and the leaching time of 48 h. The leaching rate of free copper oxide, combined copper oxide, secondary copper sulfide and native copper sulfide was 92.6%, 70.3%, 35.6% and 11.8%, respectively. The leaching rate was significantly improved except native copper sulfide. And the copper leaching rate increased with Fe3+:Fe2+ concentration ratio decreasing. The solution potential was changed with iron ions added and increased with concentration of Fe3+ increasing, making the copper leaching rate improved. Key Words: iron ions; earthy copper ores; leaching rate; leaching mechanism 我国铜矿贫矿多、富矿少，矿石品位普遍偏低，同时还存在大量的难处理低品位氧化铜矿，并且随着铜矿石开采品位的逐年下降，难处理矿石还在不断增加。我国土状铜矿储量大滇中地区探明矿床中铜储量约为15万吨[1,2]。但土状铜矿采用传统选矿工艺时，铜回收率低，精矿品位不高，这是由于经强烈风化作用形成颗粒细小，氧化程度高，含泥量大。并且土状矿矿石渗透性差，工业难以堆浸长期被列为不可利用矿石资源。当面临资源短缺问题，我们必须全面开发和利用现有资源，当前资源紧张问题。土状铜矿作为一种需要重新评价的铜矿资源正日益引起冶金工作者的重视，其工业地位及科研价值在不断提高。制粒浸出浸出率可达到80%以上能耗高，