野生杜鹃杂交亲和性及适宜的评价指标hybridization affinity of wild .pdfVIP

DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201609011 野生杜鹃杂交亲和性及适宜的评价指标  耿兴敏 ，赵红娟，吴影倩，张月苗 (南京林业大学风景园林学院，江苏南京 210037) 摘要：以映山红和马银花为母本，以映山红亚属、羊踯躅亚属、杜鹃亚属、常绿杜鹃亚属以及马银 花亚属的 个亚属 个中国野生杜鹃种为父本进行杂交授粉，统计子房膨大率、坐果率和种子萌 5 16 发率，分析杜鹃属植物远缘杂交的亲和性，探讨其杂交亲和性适宜的评价指标。结果表明，映山红 作为母本，与同亚属的杜鹃杂交亲和性较好，与其它亚属的杜鹃种的杂交亲和性存在显著的亚属间 和种间差异；而马银花作为母本，与同亚属的西施花进行杂交，未获得杂交果实和种子，但与杜鹃 其它亚属种的杂交，部分杂交组合显示出较好的杂交亲和性。这一结果表明，映山红作为母本，与 马银花相比，有着较好的杂交亲和性，并且杜鹃属植物的杂交亲和性与目前杜鹃分类体系中的亲缘 关系并没有直接关系。进一步的数据分析表明，子房膨大率与坐果率、坐果率与蒴果平均种子数之 间呈显著正相关，但子房膨大率与果实内种子数没有直接相关性。花粉活力 （大于15%）、父母本 花柱长度比 （在0.50-2.12 范围内）与子房膨大率等亲和性指标无显著相关性。 关键词：杜鹃，杂交，亲和性，结实性，评价指标 中图分类号: 文献标识码:A 文章编号: Hybridization affinity ofwildrhododendronsandtheeffective evaluationindicators GENGXing-min,ZHAOHong-juan,WUYingqian,ZHANGYue-miao (Collegeof LandscapeArchitecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing210037,China) Abstract: Wild Rhododendron species are most distributed in high mountains, they favor cold environmental conditions, and high temperature has been the primary obstacle to cultivate them in most cities in China. In this study, R. simsii and R. ovatum with higher tolerance to heat stress were used as female parents, and crossed with 16 wild Rhododendron species from Subgen. Tsutsusi, Subgen. Pentanthera, Subgen. Rhododendron, Subgen. Hymenanthes and Subgen. Azaleastrum in order to breed new varieties with stronger heat resistance. The ovary-swelling rate, fruit-bearing rate and germination rate of hybrid seeds were investigated, the cross-compatibility among wild Rhododendron species and the effective evaluation indicators of cross-compatibility were discussed according to ovary-swelling rate, fruit-bearing rate and germination rate of hybrid seeds. The results R. simsii as female parent had higher cross-compatibility than R. ovatum. When