肉鸡肠道健康.pptxVIP

1;Intestinal tissue in broiler represents about 5% of body weight, but requires: 肉鸡肠道组织重量约占其体重的5%，但需要消耗的是： 15-30% of protein ingested (Gaskins, 2001) 15%-30%蛋白质(Gaskins, 2001) 20% of gross energy ingested 20%的总能 due to high renewal rate and to the intense cells metabolic activity (McBride Kelly, 1990) 原因：细胞更新快速和细胞新陈代谢活动活跃(McBride Kelly, 1990);Several infective and not-infective agents can damage the mucosa layers of the gastro-intestinal tract, thus affecting the digestive and absorption process (Ito et al., 2000) 许多传染性和非传染性因素损害胃肠道粘膜，从而影响消化和吸收(Ito et al., 2000);4;Some practices adopted at first day after hatching can affect chick development, especially the following systems: 实践证明，出壳后第一天的饲喂方式影响雏鸡生长发育，尤其是以下系统的发育： digestive 消化系统 immune免疫系统 thermo regulatory体温调节系统 When chicks in post-hatching period are not properly managed, significant loss in global production can occur. 若雏鸡在出壳后饲喂方式不妥当，会造成整个生产周期的严重损失。;Key factors are also interactions with: 影响肉仔鸡生产性能的其他因素： Breeder age繁殖日龄 Post-hatching weight 出壳重 Diet nutrients日粮营养 Water quality水质 Management饲养管理 Temperature温度 Humidity湿度;At hatching the digestive system is complete, but not functional在小鸡出壳时，其消化系统就是完整的，只是不具备任何功能性 Assuring feed and water at hatching will allow a fast and regular development of the intestine structure出壳后立即供给饲料和水，可使肠道组织快速且规律地发育 The complete adaptation of the gastro intestinal tract to exogenous diet requires 3-4 days胃肠道需要3-4天才能完全发育至适应外源饲料的状态 Disaccharides ？activity during embryo development is extremely limited, due to low carbohydrates reserves, but increases by 4 times in the first two days of life and is extremely susceptible to diet composition 胚胎发育期，二糖酶活性极低，因为碳水化合物的储备低；但是出壳后2天内活力会提高4倍，完全可以适应日粮成分;Not all eggs hatch at the same time; delays of 24-36 hours can occur; if transport time is added 48 hours fasting chick will use the yolk sac resources不是所有的蛋都在同一时间入孵；有的会延迟24-36小时；若运输时间增加 禁食48小时 雏鸡会动用卵黄囊内的营养储备 This can theoretica